药用真菌猪苓菌核渗出液理化性质的研究

探讨不同发育阶段人工培养的猪苓菌核渗出液的理化性质。对药用真菌猪苓进行培养，系统地观察不同发育阶段的猪苓菌核及其渗出液的形态特征；对不同发育阶段猪苓菌核渗出液的pH进行测定；采用硫酸-苯酚法测定猪苓菌核渗出液的多糖含量；并利用BCA蛋白含量测定方法测定猪苓菌核渗出液的蛋白含量，利用紫外吸收法测定猪苓菌核渗出液中过氧化氢酶（CAT）的含量。在猪苓菌核发育过程中，菌核渗出液pH出现先升高后降低的趋势；渗出液的多糖含量逐渐下降；渗出液的蛋白含量及CAT含量出现逐渐升高的趋势，说明猪苓菌核渗出液形成过程中伴随着高水平的氧化应激反应。添加维生素C以后，部分地消除了活性氧，因此CAT活力下降。猪苓菌核渗出液的pH在猪苓菌核形成过程中一直维持酸性状态，间接反应出酸性环境有利于猪苓菌核的形成；菌核渗出液具有逐渐产生且最终被菌核重新吸收的特征。

Physicochemical properties of medicinal fungus Polyporus umbellatus sclerotial exudate

This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical properties of Polyporus umbellatus sclerotial exudate. Morphological characteristics of the sclerotia and its exudate were observed during different stages of sclerotial formation. The pH of the exudate was detected at different time during cultivation. A phenol-sulfuric acid method was employed to determine the polysaccharide content of P. umbellatus sclerotial exudate during cultivating time. Additionally, the protein content was measured by means of BCA protein assay. Furthermore, CAT content was detected using ultraviolet absorption method. That the protein content of the exudate and CAT specific activity rose gradually during the passage of the cultivating time indicated a high level of oxidative stress during P. umbellatus sclerotial exudate formation. The results showed that the pH of the exudate increased gradually and then dropped down during sclerotial formation. That the pH of the exudate maintained the acidity state during the cultivation indirectly indicated that acidic environment would help sclerotial formation. The exudate produced gradually and was absorbed by the sclerotia itself.