血流动力学稳定伴右心室功能不全的急性肺血栓栓塞症的临床研究

目的:分析血流动力学稳定伴右心室功能不全(right ventricular dysfunction,RVD)的急性肺血栓栓塞症(简称急性肺栓塞,acute pulmonary embolism,APE)的临床特点、诊断、治疗和预后,以提高对血流动力学稳定伴右心室功能不全的急性肺栓塞的认识.方法:对我院近8年来141例急性肺栓塞患者进行回顾分析,根据超声心动图是否存在右心室功能不全将血流动力学稳定的131例患者分为两组,分别为血流动力学稳定伴RVD(伴RVD组)50例和血流动力学稳定不伴RVD(不伴RVD组)81例,对两组患者的高危因素、临床特点、诊断及治疗等进行分析及比较.结果:血流动力学稳定伴BVD的急性肺栓塞占所有的急性肺栓寒的比率为35.5%.伴RVD组的高危因素主要包括慢性静脉机能不全、陈旧深静脉血栓形成、骨折及手术等.临床表现伴RVD组以呼吸困难最常见(68.0%),与不伴RVD组比较仅晕厥、P2亢进、呼吸频率＞20次/分、心率＞100次/分、低碳酸血症、心电图异常更常见,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).急性肺栓塞患者同时存在晕厥、P2亢进和心电图异常时,对右心室功能不全的阳性预测率可达100%.静脉溶栓治疗伴RVD组(42.0%)明显多于不伴RVD组(9.9%),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:血流动力学稳定伴RVD的急性肺栓塞是肺栓塞的重要亚组,对临床上存在晕厥、P2亢进、心电图异常的肺栓塞患者,应尽早行超声心动图检查明确有无RVD,以指导进一步治疗.

Clinical Characteristics of Hemodynamically Stable Acute Pulmonary Embolism With Right Ventricular Dysfunction

Objective:To improve cognition of acute pulmonary embolism(APE)subgroup through analyzing the patients' clinical characteristics,diagnosis,therapy and prognosis of hemodynamically stable APE with right ventricular dysfunction(RVD).Methods:A total of 141 APE patients with echocardiogram confirmed RVD treated in our hospital in recent 8 years were analyzed retrospectively.10 patients with hemodynamically unstable APE were excluded.131 patients with hemodynamically stable APE were classified into two groups,RV...