职业性慢性苯中毒患者自由基相关标志的研究

目的研究职业性慢性苯中毒患者超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GPX)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(glutathione reductase,GR)和总抗氧化物状态(total antioxidant Status,TAS)水平,探讨职业性慢性苯中毒患者效应生物标志。方法选择2019年1月—2021年4月在深圳市职业病防治院就诊的轻度苯中毒患者38人作为病例组,并选择同期于院内进行健康体检人员38人作为对照组。采用酶法和比色检测超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶和总抗氧化物状态水平,采用流式细胞法检测外周血细胞计数水平,分析两组人群检测结果差异。结果病例组白细胞计数为(3.44±1.26)×10^(9)/L,血小板计数(175.82±56.48)×10^(9)/L,血红蛋白浓度(121.0±16.86)g/L,红细胞计数(4.08±0.61)×10^(12)/L,以上表达水平均低于对照组(6.75±2.17)×10^(9)/L、(266.66±66.31)×10^(9)/L、(138.82±20.80)g/L、(4.92±0.64)×10^(12)/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。病例组总抗氧化物状态水平为(0.94±0.30)mmol/L,超氧化物歧化酶浓度为(118.13±37.39)U/mL,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶为(42.01±13.85)U/L,谷胱甘肽还原酶为(44.67±16.83)U/L,以上表达水平均低于对照组(1.35±0.31)mmol/L、(144.79±32.75)U/mL、(56.16±12.62)U/L、(55.26±14.33)U/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。白细胞和谷胱甘肽还原酶,血小板和总抗氧化物状态、超氧化物歧化酶的表达水平存在显著的线性相关(r=0.325、-0.332、-0.361,P=0.047、0.041、0.026)。结论超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶和总抗氧化物状态水平可能可作为潜在的职业性慢性苯中毒的效应生物标志。

Study on biomarkers of free radicals in patients with occupationally chronic benzene poisoning

  Objective  To observe the change of superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase(GR) and total antioxidant status (TAS) of patients with occupationally chronic benzene poisoning, to explore the usefulness of these biomarkers.  Methods  From January 2019 to April 2021, 38 patients with mild benzene poisoning in Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases were studied, while 38 people who had a health checkup in the hospital during same period were selected as the controls. The levels of SOD, GPX, GR and TAS were detected by enzyme method and colorimetry, and the peripheral blood cell count was detected by flow cytometry. The difference of test results between the two groups was analyzed.  Results  The white blood cell(3.44 ±1.26)×109/L], the number of platelet(175.82 ±56.48)×109/L], the hemoglobin(121.0 ±16.86) g/L] and red blood cell(4.08 ±0.61)×1012/L] of the patients were all lower than those of the controls(6.75 ±2.17)×109/L, (266.66 ±66.31)×109/L, (138.82 ±20.80) g/L and(4.92 ±0.64)×1012/L] respectively (P < 0.01). The TAS(0.94 ±0.30) mmol/L], SOD(118.13 ±37.39) U/mL], GPX(42.01 ±13.85) U/L], GR(44.67 ±16.83) U/L] of the patients were lower than those of the control group(1.35 ±0.31) mmol/L, (144.79 ±32.75) U/mL, (56.16 ±12.62) U/L, (55.26 ±14.33) U/L] respectively (P < 0.05). There were significant linear correlations between the level of white blood cells and glutathione reductase, between platelets and total antioxidant status, and between platelets and superoxide dismutase (r=0.325, P=0.047; r=-0.332, P=0.041; r=-0.361, P=0.026, respectively).  Conclusions  The levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and total antioxidant status can be used as potential effect biomarkers for occupational chronic benzene poisoning.