放射组学在非小细胞肺癌中的应用

自19世纪末发现X射线世纪以来，医学影像学已经发展了100多年，并已成为重要的临床诊断辅助工具。随着人类基因组计划（Human Genome Project,HGP）的启动和各种高通量检测技术的发展，后基因组时代的疾病探测已经从研究结构变化扩展到基于基因表达和表观遗传学深入分析组织、器官和细胞中的分子异常。因而引起了基因组学，蛋白质组学，代谢组学和其他系统生物学亚种，包括放射基因组学（radiogenomics）。Radiogenomics是传统视觉识别成像技术的一次重要革命，并构成了一个新的分支-放射组学（radiomics）。Radiomics是一种利用医学成像分析和数据挖掘方法的非侵入性技术，近年来广泛应用于癌症的疾病诊断，进展评估和治疗监测，提供了以低成本改善癌症治疗决策的机会。本综述总结了radiomics在非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC）中的具体应用。

Application of radiomics in non-small cell lung cancer

Since the discovery of X-rays at the end of the 19th century,medical imageology has developed for more than 100 years,and medical imaging has become an important auxiliary tool for clinical diagnosis.With the launch of the Human Genome Project (HGP) and the development of various high-throughput detection techniques,disease exploration in the post-genome era has expanded from investigations of structural changes to in-depth analyses of molecular abnormalities in tissues,organs and cells,on the basis of gene expression and epigenetics.These techniques have led to genomics,proteomics,metabolomics and other subspecies of system biology,including radiogenomic.Radiogenomics is an important revolution in the traditional visually identifiable imaging technology and constitutes a new branch,radiomics.Radiomics is an emerging noninvasive technology using medical imaging analysis and data mining methodology.In recent years,it has been widely used in cancer diagnostics,progress assessment and treatment monitoring,which provides a low-cost opportunity to improve cancer treatment decisions .This review summarizes the application of radiomics in non-small cell lung cancer.