CT小肠成像与双气囊小肠镜在疑似小肠出血诊断中的临床应用

  目的  通过对疑似小肠出血患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析，探讨CT小肠成像(CTE)与双气囊小肠镜(DBE)在疑似小肠出血诊断中的应用价值。  方法  回顾性分析2019年10月—2020年10月于安徽医科大学第一附属医院消化内科住院的54例疑似小肠出血患者的临床资料，统计CTE及DBE对疑似小肠出血诊断的阳性结果及并发症发生例数，采用χ2检验或Fisher精确检验对数据进行统计，比较CTE及DBE对小肠出血的诊断率及并发症发生率，探讨CTE及DBE对疑似小肠出血的诊断价值及安全性。  结果  54例疑似小肠出血患者均顺利完成CTE及DBE检查，2种检查方式成功率均为100%，病灶主要包括憩室、溃疡、血管扩张性病变、肿瘤及克罗恩病。CTE对病灶诊断率为53.7%(29/54)，DBE对病灶诊断率为79.6%(43/54)，2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.167，P＜0.01)。在安全性方面，所有患者行CTE检查未出现并发症，54例行DBE检查患者仅1例出现并发症，并发症发生率为1.9%(1/54)，2组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。  结论  DBE对小肠出血的诊断率明显高于CTE且无严重并发症发生，CTE对溃疡及血管扩张性病变的诊断率不高，但对憩室、肿瘤性病变及克罗恩病敏感性较高，临床工作中应结合CTE及DBE检查结果，以免造成疾病的漏诊及误诊。 

Clinical application of CT enterography and double-balloon enteroscopy in the diagnosis of suspected small intestinal bleeding

  Objective  The clinical data of patients with suspected small bowel bleeding in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively to explore the application value of CT enterography (CTE) and double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in the diagnosis of suspected small bowel bleeding.  Methods  The clinical data of 54 patients with suspected small bowel bleeding hospitalized in the Department of Gastroenterology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from October 2019 to October 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The positive results of CTE and DBE in the diagnosis of suspected small bowel bleeding and the cases of complications were counted. The results were counted by the 2 test or exact probability method of Fisher test. The diagnostic rate and complication rate of intestinal hemorrhage were compared by CTE and DBE, and the diagnostic value and safety of CTE and DBE were discussed.  Results  All the 54 patients completed CTE and DBE examination, with a success rate of 100%. The lesions mainly included diverticulum, ulcer, vasodilation, tumor and Crohn's disease. The diagnosis rate of lesions by CTE was 53.7% (29/54) compared with 79.6% (43/54) by DBE and the difference was significant (χ2=8.167, P < 0.01). In terms of safety comparison, there was no complications in all patients who underwent CTE examination (0/54). However, the incidence of complications in 54 patients examined by DBE was only 1 case, and the incidence of complications was 1.9% (1/54). No significant difference was observed in the incidence of complications between CTE and DBE (P>0.05).  Conclusion  The diagnostic rate of DBE in small bowel bleeding is significantly higher than that of CTE, and without serious complications. The diagnostic rate of CTE for ulcer and vasodilation is not high, but it is sensitive to diverticulum, tumor and Crohn's disease. CTE combined with DBE examination can effectively avoid missed diagnosis of small bowel bleeding.