Comparison of Total Hip Arthroplasty With and Without Femoral Shortening Osteotomy for Unilateral Mild to Moderate High Hip Dislocation

Background

This study compares the outcome between THA with and without femoral shortening osteotomy for unilateral mild to moderate high hip dislocation in developmental dysplasia of the hip patients.

Methods

The data on 42 hips in 42 patients who had undergone THA for unilateral mild to moderate high hip dislocation were retrospectively reviewed after being prospectively collected. In 22 patients, hips were reduced by soft tissue release and direct leverage using an elevator, without the osteotomy. The remaining 20 patients were treated with a subtrochanteric transverse shortening osteotomy. The mean follow-up of patients was 5 years (standard deviation = 1.0) for the nonosteotomy group and 6.2 years (standard deviation = 1.6) for the osteotomy group.

Results

The Harris Hip Score significantly improved in both groups. In the nonosteotomy group, we observed a lower leg length discrepancy compared with the osteotomy group (0.4 cm and 2.2 cm, respectively). Four patients (18.2%) in the nonosteotomy group and 15 patients (75%) in the osteotomy group developed a limp (P < .0001). Three patients (13%) developed femoral nerve palsy in the nonosteotomy group, but they all recovered completely within 6 months after the surgery. Nineteen patients in the nonosteotomy group showed knee valgus deformity immediately after the surgery but only 4 cases in the osteotomy group.

Conclusion

Compared with THA with femoral shortening osteotomy, THA without the osteotomy was associated with a lower number of patients who developed a limp at the end of follow-up; however, the rehabilitation was slower and more difficult, and a larger number of patients showed reversible nerve palsy and knee valgus deformity.