高原低氧环境下鞭炮噪声对正常发育儿童听觉的影响

目的：了解鞭炮所产生的脉冲噪声对高原环境下正常生长儿童听觉的影响。方法：选择秦岭山区71例、青海湖周边牧区50例正常发育，每年近距离接触鞭炮噪声3次以上的学龄（6～12岁）儿童，实地测试全频听力阈值，并以南京市50例儿童作为对照，对比分析听觉状况。结果：山区和高原乡村男性儿童超高频听力较差；除个别低频外，高原相对缺氧环境与平原山区之间男性儿童听力无明显差异。三地女性儿童除个别低频外听力无明显差异。结论：高原相对低氧环境不影响女性正常儿童的听力发育；通过听觉对比，高原相对低氧环境下接触鞭炮脉冲噪声对男性儿童听觉损害的程度并不高于平原山区。

Influence of firecrackers' impulse noise on auditory function of normal growth children in a plateau hypoxia area

Objective: To study the influence of firecrackers′ impulse noise on auditory function of normal growth children in a plateau area. Methods: Seventy one and 50 children were selected from the Qinling mountain area and the pasturing area around Qinghai Lake respectively. All of them were normal growth children (6 to 12 years old) who had experienced firecrackers′ noise over 3 times per year. In addition, 50 children from Nanjing city were included in this study. The entire frequency auditory threshold was examined on the spot. The auditory threshold was analyzed. Results: There was not a significant difference in high frequency and super high frequency between the pasturing area and the Qinling mountain areas, while the girls′ auditory function was same from all places. In contrast, the auditory thresholds in high frequency and super high frequency of the boys in Nanjing city was lower than those of the boys in both mountain area and plateau pasturing area. Conclusions: According to the auditory function of girls from all places, the hypoxia area of a plateau does not have any influences on children′s hearing development, and it also does not aggravate the auditory impact of the impulse noise of firecrackers on children.