脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的调查及其相关因素分析

目的　探讨脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生及其与相关因素的关系。方法　应用HDI 5 0 0 0彩色多谱勒超声仪 ,分别对脑梗死组 (2 0 7例 )和对照组 (4 5例 )的颈动脉进行检测 ,观察颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生及其与血糖、血脂、血浆纤维蛋白原的关系。结果　脑梗死组颈动脉粥样硬化斑块发生率为 73.9% ,对照组为 33.3% ,二者比较差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1) ;脑梗死组颈动脉粥样硬化斑块好发于分叉处 ;梗死侧颈动脉粥样硬化斑块发生率高于非梗死侧 ,二者比较差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1) ;年龄、高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇、高纤维蛋白原和低密度脂蛋白升高是脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的危险因素。结论　颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与脑梗死之间存在着密切关系。进行颈动脉超声检查 ,对预防和治疗脑梗死具有重要意义。

Study of carotid artery plaque and relative factors in cerebral infaction patients

Objective To explore the prevalence of carotid artery plaque in cerebral infarction patients and the relationship between carotid artery plaque and the relative factors.Methods Carotid artery was evaluated by HDI-5000 color Doppler ultrasound in cerebral infarction group (n=207) and control group (n=45).Blood slucose,blood lipid and blood fibrinogen were examined in two groups and their relationship with carotid artery plaque were analysed.Results The prevalence of carotid artery plaque in cerebral infarction group and control group were 73.9%,33.3% respectively (P<0.01).In cerebral infarction patients,the plaque located at the bifurcation of the carotid artery.The plaque occurrence rate was higher in cerebral artery than in non-cerebral arteries (P<0.01).Age,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,high serum cholesterol,high fibrinogen and high low density lipoprotein-cholesterol were risk factors for carotid artery plaque in cerebral infarction patients.Conclusion There is a close relationship between carotid artery plaque and cerebral infarction.Color Doppler ultrasound is an important method for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral infarction.