围手术期地塞米松过敏的研究进展

围手术期地塞米松常应用于抗过敏治疗，近年来关于地塞米松引起的过敏反应的报道也越来越多。这些反映主要包括IgE介导的过敏反应和药物直接刺激释放组胺引起的类过敏反应。地塞米松引起的过敏反应是一种全身性或系统性反应．症状可从局部至全身。围手术期过敏原检测起着重要的作用．这些检测方法包括皮肤过敏试验．血清中组胺、类胰蛋白酶和IgE抗体浓度检测等。另外过敏反应发生后及时供氧、扩容和肾上腺素的应用是抢救患者的关键。

Research of Perioperative Dexamethasone Allergy

Dexamethasone is frequently used to treat allergic reactions in the perioperative period.Immediate hypersensitivety reactions to dexamethasone during the perioperative period have been reported more and more recently. Most reactions induced by IgE mediated（anaphylaxis） or by histamine directly（anaphylactoid reactions）.The severity level of the reaction can vary from a rash to anaphylaxis.Any suspected anaphylactic reaction must be investigated to confirm the allergen by skin test,plasma histamine,tryptase or specific IgE concentration.immediate treatment with oxygen,fluid and adrenaline may be importent for survival.