Bamboo leaf-based carbon dots for efficient tumor imaging and therapy |
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| Authors: | Mochamad Zakki Fahmi Abdul Haris Ahmadi Jaya Permana Denika Liyan Nor Wibowo Bambang Purwanto Yatim Lailun Nikmah Adi Idris |
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| Institution: | Department of Chemistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 61115 Indonesia.; Department of Physiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60131 Indonesia ; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111 Indonesia ; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland Australia |
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| Abstract: | In this study, carbon dots synthesized from bamboo leaf cellulose were used simultaneously as a staining agent and for doxorubicin delivery to target cancer cells. Owing to their nontoxic properties, the production of carbon dots from bamboo leaves is a green approach involving optimized application of bamboo tree waste. For multifunctional applications, the carbon dots were modified with 4-carboxybenzylboronic acid and doxorubicin to improve target specificity and drug delivery to HeLa tumor cells. The resulting modified carbon dots were characterized using different analytical techniques, which showed that they were biocompatible, nontoxic, and highly stable over a wide range of pH values and at high ionic strengths. Furthermore, in vitro confocal microscopy studies demonstrated their blue fluorescence and cellular pathway for entering HeLa cells via folate receptor-mediated endocytosis. Cell viability data and flow cytometry results also confirmed the selective uptake of the carbon dots by HeLa cells, which significantly enhanced cell cytotoxicity.In this study, carbon dots synthesized from bamboo leaf cellulose were used simultaneously as a staining agent and for doxorubicin delivery to target cancer cells. |
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