大高良姜、建砂仁、益智不同提取物对胃实寒证大鼠胃黏膜的保护作用

目的]观察大高良姜、建砂仁、益智三味山姜属中药对胃实寒证模型大鼠胃黏膜的保护作用，探讨此三味中药所含挥发油与温中散寒功效的相关性。方法]采用灌服寒凉药（石膏、知母、黄柏、龙胆草）及冰柜冷冻的方法复制胃实寒证模型；分别予以大高良姜、建砂仁、益智三味中药的挥发油及去挥发油水提液。分高、低剂量组进行观察，阳性对照药选用附子水煎液。光镜下观察胃黏膜的病理学改变。结果]三味药物的挥发油高剂量组对胃实寒证模型大鼠的炎细胞浸润、腺体破坏或减少、黏膜充血水肿均有显著的改善作用（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；大高良姜挥发油低剂量组对炎细胞浸润有非常显著改善作用（P〈0．01）；建砂仁挥发油低剂量组对胃黏膜充血水肿有非常显著改善作用（P〈0．01）；益智挥发油低剂量组对炎细胞浸润、腺体破坏或减少有非常显著改善作用（P〈0．01）。大高良姜去挥发油水提液高剂量组对炎细胞浸润和黏膜充血水肿有非常显著的改善作用（P〈0．01），低剂量组对黏膜充血水肿有显著性改善（P〈0．01）；建砂仁去挥发油水提液高、低剂量组对黏膜充血水肿有非常明显的改善作用（P〈0．01）；益智去挥发油水提液高、低剂量组对胃黏膜各种损伤均无明显改善作用。结论]大高良姜、建砂仁、益智挥发油对胃实寒证大鼠胃黏膜有良好的改善作用，提示此三味药的主要活性成分挥发油与其温中散寒功效有密切的相关性；大高良姜、建砂仁去挥发油水提液也对胃黏膜充血水肿有一定的改善作用，说明这二味药还含有其他保护胃黏膜的活性成分。

The Protective Function of Different Extracts from A. galanga,A. japonica,A. oxyphylla on Gastric Mucosa of Stomach Excessive Cold Syndrome Rats

Abstract： Objective] To observe the protective effect about the three Alpinia L Chinese medicinal of A. galanga,A, japonica, A. oxyphylla on gastric mucosa of stomach excessive cold syndrome rats and discuss the correlation between the volatile oil in the three Alpinia L Chinese medicinal and its function of wanning middle energizer and dispersing cold, Methods] The stomach excessive cold syndrome rats were made through the method of drenching cold-cool nature Chinese medicinal and freezers frozen. The volatile oil and the water extract with volatile oil removed of the three Chinese medicinal were given respectively. They were observed under the high and low dosage. The aconite decoction was selected as the positive control drug. The pathological changes of gastric mucosa were observed under optical microscope. Results] The high dose groups of volatile oil of the three Chinese medicinal had significant improvement for inflammatory cell infiltration,glandular destruction or reduction and mucosal hyperemia and edema （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈0.01）;The low dose group of volatile oil of A. galanga had very obvious effects on improving the inflammatory cell infiltration （P 〈0.01 ）;The low dose group of volatile oil of A. japonica had very obvious effects on the improvement of gastricmucosal hyperemia and edema （P 〈0.01 ）;The low dose group of volatile oil of A. oxyphylla had very obvious effects on inflammatory cell infiltration,glandular destruction or reduction （P 〈0.01 ）. The high dose group of water extract with volatile oil removed of A. galanga had very obvious effects on inflammatory cell infiltration and gastric mucosal hyperemia and edema （P 〈0.01 ） ;The low dose group of water extract with volatile oil removed of A. gaanga had very obvious effects on mucosal hyperemia and edema （P 〈0.01 ）; The high and low dose group of water extract with volatile oil removed of A. japonica had very obvious effects on the mucosal hyperemia and edema（P 〈0.01 ） ;The high and low dose group of water extract with volatile oil removed of A. oxyphylla had no effects on gastric mucosal damage. Conclusion] The volatile oil of A. galanga,A, japonica,A, oxyphylla has good improving effect on the gastric mucosa of the stomach excessive cold syndrome rat. It is indicated that the volatile oil is the main active component in the three kinds of Chinese medicinal and has close relevance with the function of warming middle energizer and dispersing cold. The water extract with volatile oil removed of A. galanga,A, japonica has certain improvement on gastric mucosal hyperemia and edema, which illustrates that this two kinds of medicine also contain other active components.