2022年版《世界指南：老年人跌倒的预防与管理》解读

随着我国迈入深度老龄化社会,老年人跌倒和跌倒相关伤害问题受到广泛关注,国内外相关研究和指南不断更新。来自39个国家、96位专家组成的世界跌倒预防指南小组于2022年制定了《世界指南：老年人跌倒的预防与管理》。该指南着眼于“以人为本”的理念,充分考虑老年人的跌倒管理需求及照顾者和其他利益相关方对跌倒的看法,并考虑指南在各照护环境和资源有限地区的适用性,结合应用电子健康进行跌倒预防的前沿证据,针对社区老年人的跌倒风险初筛、跌倒风险评估、跌倒风险分级管理提供新的实践指导建议。本文将深入解读该指南,提取该指南中行之有效的实践指导建议进行分析,为我国的医护工作者和社区卫生工作者预防和管理老年人跌倒提供参考。

Interpretation of the 2022 World Guidelines for Falls Prevention and Management for Older Adults: a Global Initiative

As China enters a deep aging society, falls and fall-related injuries in older adults have gained increased attention, with increasing emergence of relevant studies, and continuous updates in relevant guidelines. In 2022, The World Falls Task Force assembled 96 experts from 39 countries to develop the World Guidelines for Falls Prevention and Management for Older Adults: a Global Initiative. The guidelines were developed using the person-centered methodology and the latest evidence on e-health for the prevention of falls, with full consideration of the needs of fall management of older adults, and their caregivers and other stakeholders' perspectives on preventing falls in older adults, as well as the guideline applicability in various care settings and locations with limited resources, which provide new clinical recommendations on the screening, assessment, and management of risk for falls among community-dwelling older adults. This paper offers an in-depth interpretation of the guidelines and an analysis of the effective practical guidance in the guidelines, providing practical guidance for Chinese physicians, nurses and community health workers to prevent and manage falls in older adults.