Dispase诱发兔眼玻璃体后脱离的效果和安全性评价

目的 采用Dispase在兔眼中诱导完全性PVD形成，评价其效果和安全性。方法 选择健康成年的青紫蓝兔30只，随机分成5组，采用玻璃体内注射，分别注射Dispase0.005U,0.0125U(2组），0.025U,0.05U/0.05ml,PBS0.05ml注射到另一只内作为对照。术前术后眼底镜，裂隙灯和VOLK 90D随访观察。并进行B超和视网膜电图（ERG）检查，最后取眼球对视网膜进行扫描电镜和透射电镜观察。结果 注射Dispase≥0.0125U可见玻璃体后脱离，部分伴有不同程度的眼底出血：B型超声检查见玻璃体混浊和后脱离；术后电生理检查，0.005U和0.0125U组ERG没有变化，≥0.025U，部分出现ERG振幅下降；对照组没有以上改变。结论 Dispase0.0125U可以在兔眼中成功，安全诱发完全性玻璃体后脱离（PVD），更大剂量同样有效。但是有一定毒性作用。

Efficacy and safety of Dispase in inducing posterior vitreous detachment of rabbit eyes

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of dispase on producing posterior vitreous detachment(PVD) and its safety by intravitreal injection in the rabbit eye.MethodsThirty young pigmented rabbits received intravitreal injection of dispase in right eye and were randomized into group A(0 005 U/0 05 ml), group B,E(0 012 5 U/0 05 ml), group C(0 025 U/0 05 ml) and group D(0 05 U/0 05 ml),respectively. The fellow eyes were injected with a volumetric equivalent dose of PBS as control. The eyes of rabbits were observed with biomicroscopy, ultrasonography and electroretinogram(ERG) at day 1 and 7 in postinjection in vivo and were examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy in vitro.ResultsThe complete PVD was found in the eyes received 0.012 5 U dispase or more. In group A, B, E, safety was proved by the direct observation and ERG examination. But in group C and D, the preretinal and vitreous hemorrhage were evident and the ERG amplitudes were significantly changed after the injection. There was no remarkedly change in control eyes.Conclusion Intravitreal injection of dispase in dose of 0 012 5 U can safely induce posterior vitreous detachment.