某幼儿园1991～2005年儿童传染病发病趋势分析

目的]了解幼儿园儿童传染病发病情况和流行趋势,为制定传染病防治策略提供依据.方法]统计幼儿园内每年发病儿童人数与当年9月份在园儿童人数相比得出当年各种传染病发病率,对传染病进行特征性分析,用统计软件SPSS11.0作u检验.结果]幼儿园是儿童传染病易感者集中的场所,1年12个月均有传染病发生.9种常见传染病中,腮腺炎、水痘、手足口病的发病率居顺构前3位.与计划免疫相关的“病”未见发病.乙肝自1994年以来未有检出.手足口病自2000年首次发病,发病率居近4年来各种传染病发病率之首.结论]有必要将流腮疫苗和水痘疫苗纳入计划管理.重视对手足口病的监测,将手足口病纳入幼儿园常见传染病的管理之中.

ANALYSIS ON TENDENCY OF EPIDEMIC DISEASES OF CHILDREN IN A KINDERGARTEN FROM 1991 TO 2005

Objective]To explore the tendency and situation of epidemic diseases of children in a kindergarten,and to provide basis for instituting corresponding strategies for prevention and control.Methods]The number of diseased children in a kindergarten every year was calculated to be compared with the total number of kindergarten children in September every year,then the incidence rate was obtained. SPSS 11.0 software was used to do u test and analyze the epidemic tendency.Results]Kindergartens were places where children got epidemic diseases easily. The infectious diseases happened every month around the year. Among the common 9 epidemic diseases,mumps,varicella and hand-foot-mouth disease were the preceding three epidemic diseases. But the "six-diseases" of China immunization planning were not found. Hepatitis B had not happened since 1994. And the hand-foot-mouth disease became the top epidemic disease with the highest incidence rate in the 9 diseases since it was found in 2000.Conclusion]It is necessary to bring the mumps vaccine and varicella vaccine into the immunization planning. It is necessary to monitor the hand-foot-mouth disease in an efficient way,and take it into the management system of children epidemic diseases of China.