镶嵌式口腔黏膜尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂的临床分析

目的 探讨镶嵌式口腔黏膜尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂的效果. 方法 2005年1月至2010年12月343例尿道下裂患者行镶嵌式口腔黏膜尿道成形术.年龄6个月～61岁,平均7岁.初次手术147例,其中远端型尿道下裂124例,近端型23例;再手术196例,其中远端型尿道下裂137例,近端型59例.手术方法:将取下唇口腔黏膜补片填补于尿道板中间切开间隙,再将尿道板卷管成形尿道;切取口腔黏膜宽0.5 ～2.5 cm,长1.0～8.5 cm.对于再次手术病例,术中需切除瘢痕组织.结果 术后随访6～36个月,平均16个月.147例初次手术病例中,手术成功132例(89.8％),发生尿瘘14例(9.5％),尿道狭窄2例(1.4％),其中1例近端型病例为尿瘘合并尿道狭窄.196例再手术病例中手术成功157例(80.1％),发生尿瘘32例(16.3％)、尿道狭窄13例(6.6％),其中1例远端型和5例近端型病例为尿瘘合并尿道狭窄. 结论 尿道板切开后镶嵌口腔黏膜治疗尿道下裂具有成功率高,整形效果好,对口腔外观、功能无影响等优点.

A clinical analysis of inlay buccal mucosal urethroplasty for hypospadias repair

Objective To evaluate the effect of inlay buccal mucosa graft with tubularized incised urethral plates (TIP) urethroplasty for hypospadias repair. Methods From January 2005 to December 2010,a total of 343 cases of hypospadias underwent a buccal mucosa graft with TIP urethroplasty.The patients aged from 6 months to 61 years,mean 7 years.One hundred and forty-seven were primary surgery cases,and 196 cases had a history of failed surgery.In primary cases,124 were distal type and 23 were proximal type.There were 137 distal type cases and 59 proximal types in failed case group.A buccal mucosa graft was harvested from lower lip,fixed into the incised urethral plates in primary cases.In re-do cases,open urethral and remove scar tissue were necessary. Results The width of the buccal mucosa ranged 0.5 - 2.5 cm,length ranged 1.0 - 8.5 cm.All the patients were followed up for 6 - 36 months,average 16 months.In primary group,fistula occurred in 14 cases (9.5％ ),and urethral stricture in 2 cases (1.4％),in which 1 proximal case occurred both with urethral stricture and fistula; the overall success rate was 89.8％.In re-do group,fistula occurred in 32 cases ( 16.3％ ),and stricture in 13 cases (6.6％),in which 1 distal and 5 proximal cases occurred with both urethral stricture and fistula; the overall success rate was 80.1％. Conclusions Inlay buccal mucosal graft with TIP technique is an effective instrumentality for hypospadias repair because of its high successful rate,good cosmetic effect and without affecting on oral appearance and function in donor site.