上海市离退休干部失牙及修复状况调查

目的：调查上海离退休干部的失牙和修复状况。方法：对415位离退休干部，其中男性339人，女性76人；年龄60－880岁，平均年龄66．72岁，进行统计分析。结果：总失牙率81．93％。受检人群中，全牙列缺失率2．17％，牙列缺损率79．76％。单颌牙列缺失（伴牙列缺损）率4．81％。人均失牙5．58只。缺失牙以第一磨牙和第二磨牙为多，以下依次是第二双尖牙，第一双尖牙和前牙。人牙数最少的是尖牙。后牙缺失人数和失牙数目显多于前牙；失牙数随年龄而增多，男女性别差异无显性。失牙原因首先是龋病，占50．16％；牙周病其次，占28．38％；龋病合并牙周病占12．87％；外伤3．63％；其他4．29％。龋病失牙女性多于男性；牙周病失牙男性多于女性。失牙人群义齿修复率为45．29％。活动义齿占64．05％；固定义齿占35．95％。9．74％的人同时有2种修复体。修复体平均使用时间为7．74年，最长已达50年。活动义齿中不合格修复体占72．80％；固定义齿中不合格修复体占41．82％。结论：上海市离退休干部的牙齿状况值得关注。需要重新做义齿的比例甚高，为被检人群的72．29％。

An investigation on edentulousness and its restoration in the retired elders in Shanghai

Objective: To investigate edentulousness and its restoration in a population of retired elders in Shanghai. Methods: A detailed investigation on edentulousness and its restoration was conducted in 415 retired elders in Shanghai. There were 339 males and 76 females, ranging from 60 to 80 years in age, with a mean of 66. 7 years. Results: The overall tooth-missing rate was 81.93%, with a mean of 5.58 missing teeth per capita. Only 2.17% of the group was edentulous in both jaws and 4.18% in one jaw. The first and second molars were the commonest missing teeth, followed by second premolar, first premolar and anterior teeth in descending order. Canine was the commonest remaining tooth in the group. The tooth-missing rate was significantly higher in the postrior region than in the anterior region, however, no significant difference was found between man and women. The causes of the missing teeth were caries (50.16%), periodontal disease(28.38%), both caries and periodontal disease(l2.87%), trauma(3.63%), and others(4.29%). Caries was more contributable to the missing teeth in females than in males, while periodontal disease was more in males that in females. The rate of prosthetic treatment was 45.29%, in which there were 64.05% of movable dentures and 35.95% of fixed dentures. 9.74% subjects had two types of restoration . The mean time when the subjects wore the dentures were 7.74 years. with a maximum of 50 years. There were 72.8% of the unsatisfactory dentures in the removadle dentures and 41.82% in the fixed dentures. Conclusions: The dental status in the retired elders should be concerned. There were 72.29% of the elders in need of new dentures.