股骨外髁形态与前交叉韧带股骨足迹关系的初步研究

目的探讨正常人股骨外髁形态特点与前交叉韧带（ACL）股骨足迹形态变化之间的关系，以及术中ACL个性化解剖双束重建的设计策略。方法60例成年膝关节标本，常规解剖膝关节测量股骨ACL纵轴长度，观察股骨外髁内侧面的形状，测量ACL股骨足迹中轴长度与股骨干之间的夹角。结果（1）人类股骨外髁内面大致分为三角形、梯形、过度形三种形态；（2）ACL股骨足迹纵轴长度以三角形最短，过渡型次之，梯形最长；（3）ACL中轴与股骨干夹角有分别为：三角形：（28．6°±2．2°）；过度型：（19．8°±1．9°）；梯形：（5．3°±1．3°），三者间比较有统计学差异（F=2．367，P〈0．01）。结论股骨外髁形态决定了ACL足迹轴线角度，对临床个体化ACL双束重建的设计有重要意义。

Relationship between lateral femoral condyle morphology and femoral footprint of anterior cruciate ligament

Objective To investigate relationship between the morphologie characteristics of femoral lateral condyle and morphological changes of anterior cruciate ligament （ ACL ） femoral footprint, and to explore the individual design strategy of anatomic double-bumdle ACL reconstruction. Methods 60 adult knees were conventional dissected, and the longitudinal axis length of ACL was measured. Internal surface shape of lateral femoral condyle was observed, and the angle between ACL footprint axis and femoral shaft was measured. Results （ 1 ） In human, there are three morphological forms of the internal surface of lateral femoral condyle ： triangle, trapezoid, and intermediate type. （ 2 ） The length of ACL femoral footprint axis was the shortest in triangle type, and was the longest in trapezoidal type. But there was no significant difference among these three types. （3） The average angle between ACL axis and femoral shaft was （28.6°±2.2°） in triangle type,（19.8°±1.9°） in intermediate type, and （5.3°±1.3°） in trapezoidal type. there were significant differences among the three types. Condusions The shape of lateral femoral condyle determines the angle of ACL footprint axis, which has important significance in individual design of double-bundle reconstruction for ACL.