心电图在家兔急性心肌梗死诊断中的应用

目的探讨心电图各指标对家兔急性心肌梗死(AMI)的诊断价值。方法40只兔随机分为AMI组和假手术组(SH组),采用开胸结扎冠状动脉左前降支的方法建立AMI模型,检测术前、术后10min内和术后6周心电图的变化,6周后取出心脏作病理检查。结果两组术前心电图均正常。AMI组术后10min内心电图胸导联ST段较术前明显抬高(P<0.01),ST段抬高(>0.2mV)对AMI诊断的灵敏度为84.6%(11/13),特异度为100%(2/2)。和术前比较,两组术后均出现心率减慢、胸导联R波振幅降低(P<0.01),但两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后6周心电图胸导联显示病理性Q波只见于大体病理可见较明显的梗死瘢痕形成的兔中。结论心电图ST段抬高和病理性Q波对家兔AMI具有重要的诊断价值。

Application of electrocardiogram in diagnosing acute myocardial infarction in rabbits

Objective To investigate diagnostic value of electrocardiogram in determining acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rabbits.Methods Forty rabbits were divided into two groups randomly,AMI group (n=20) and sham-operation group(SH group,n=20).Establishing AMI models by ligating left anterior descending(LAD) branch of coronary artery. Before operation,10 minutes and 6 weeks after ligating LAD,electrocardiogram (ECG) changes were investigated,respectively.The pathological changes were observed 6 weeks after operation.Results Preoperative electrocardiogram was normal in two groups.Compared with preoperation period,a significant raise of ST segment was observed 10 minutes after ligating LAD in AMI group (P<0.01).The sensitivity and specificity of ST segment elevating (>0.2 mV) for diagnosing AMI were 84.6%(11/13) and 100%(2/2), respectively. Compared with preoperation period,heart rates slow significantly and R waves decreased 10 minutes after operation in two groups (P<0.01),but there were no significant difference in heart rates and R waves between two groups (P>0.05).6 weeks after ligation, pathologic Q wave was only seen in rabbits which were formed gross MI.Conclusion ST segment elevating (>0.2 mV) and pathologic Q wave are important for the diagnosis of AMI of rabbits.