安徽省城市社区糖尿病人健康教育与健康促进项目基线调查

目的了解安徽省城市社区糖尿病人相关知识、自我管理情况,为开展糖尿病人健康教育提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法对3个社区接受慢病管理的365名糖尿病人进行体格检查和问卷调查。结果调查对象除BMI(23.65±3.82 kg/m2)外,血压(134.62±15.03/82.65±9.09 mmHg)、WHR(男:0.92±0.53,女:0.86±0.10)、HbAlc(7.68±1.36)、空腹血糖(7.92±3.78 mol/L)、餐后血糖(11.61±3.88 mol/L)等指标均高于正常水平。调查对象的糖尿病基本知识知晓率为63.6%,胰岛素知识知晓率为19.0%。药物依从性较好者占80.7%,血糖监测行为较好者占6.0%。具有良好行为的调查对象中,糖尿病相关知识答对率较高者所占比例均高于答对率较低者。自我管理的态度、自我效能、社会支持按满分各45分调查,调查对象态度平均得分27.75±6.38分、自我效能35.30±4.70分、社会支持30.91±7.45分,具有不同行为的调查对象信念的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论调查对象血糖控制不良,相关指标高于正常控制值,糖尿病相关知识特别是胰岛素知识知晓率低,血糖监测行为较差。应加强社区糖尿病人的健康教育,提高他们自我管理水平。

The Baseline Investigation In Health Education And Health Promotion Program Of Diabetes Patients In Urban Community Settings Of Anhui Province

Objective To learn the status of the related knowledge and the self-management among diabetes patients in urban communities of Anhui province,and provide evidence for the health education.Methods Physical examination and questionnaire survey were conducted in 365 diabetic patients who were selected by cluster sampling.Results The levels of blood pressure（BP,134.62±15.03/82.65±9.09mmHg）,waist/hip ratio（WHR,men：0.92±0.53,women：0.86±0.10）,glycosylated hemoglobin A（HbAlc,7.68±1.36）,fasting plasma glucose（FPG,7.92±3.78 mol/L）,postprandial plasma glucose（PPG,11.61±3.88 mol/L） and so on were higher than the normal level except body mass index（BMI,23.65±3.82 kg/m2）.The basic knowledge rate of diabetes was 63.6%,the knowledge rate about insulin was only 19.0%.80.7% Patients had a better drug compliance,and only 6.0% had better behaviours in blood sugar monitoring.The higher the accurate rate of diabetes-related knowledge,the better the behaviours were.The total score of objects in the attitude of self-management,self-efficacy,social support was 45 points,and the average scores of them were 27.75±6.38,35.30±4.70,and 30.91±7.45 respectively,and there were significant differences in beliefs among objects with different behaviours（P0.001）.Conclusion Glycemic controling of objects was poor,and the related indicators were higher than the normal control value,the awareness rate of diabetes-related knowledge was lower,especially the knowledge about insulin,and the behaviours were relatively poor in blood sugar monitoring.So health education of diabetes patients in urban community settings should be enhanced to improve the level of their self-management.