患者对护士遭受工作场所暴力相关因素认知的调查研究

目的了解患者对护士遭受工作场所暴力相关因素的认知,为建立预防护士遭受工作场所暴力的应对策略提供参考依据。方法 2016年3月,采用便利抽样法选择重庆市2所三级甲等综合性医院门急诊和住院部的475例患者为研究对象,采用《医院工作场所暴力相关因素调查表》对其进行问卷调查。结果患者对护士遭受工作场所暴力的相关因素认同程度依次为护理服务因素、社会环境因素、医院管理因素和患者自身因素;其中认可程度前10位的条目中8项与护理服务相关,1项与患者自身因素相关,1项与社会因素相关;多重线性回归分析结果显示,患者的性别、职业、婚姻和学历对评分结果均有影响(均P0.05),年龄、常住地、收入、付费方式和就诊科室对评分结果均无影响(均P0.05)。结论患者对暴力相关因素中护理服务维度的认同度高,提示医院管理者及护士自身都应加强对护士专业能力及沟通能力的培训,同时应充分评估患者社会及支持系统情况,提供个性化的专业服务和指导,从而减少工作场所暴力的发生。

A Cognitive Study on the Correlative Factors Influencing Nurses' Workplace Violence

Objective To investigate the correlative factors influencing nurses' workplace violence,and to provide reference for the prevention of workplace violence.Methods A total of 475 patients were selected by using conveninece sampling method and investigated with "workplace violence related factors questionnaire".Result Patients were considered to be affected by the factors of workplace violence,which were the ability of nursing services,social factors,hospital management factors and patients' own factors.Among the 10 factors in the first 8 factors items were related to nursing service,1 was related to the patients' own factors,and 1 was related to the social factors;Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,occupation,marriage and education were all affected by the score (all P < 0.05),age,resident,income,payment methods and treatment departments had no effect on the score (all P>0.05).Conclusion Patients have a strong demand for nursing services,hospital managers and nurses should pay attention to the training of professional competence and communication skills,and should fully assess the social support system,providing personalized professional services and guidance,so as to reduce the incidence of workplace violence.