中国环境水氚浓度及其变化

目的 研究90年代初我国环境水氚浓度的水平，分布和变化，建立我国第一个核电站商业运行前环境氚数据库，方法 在全国25个省、市、自治区和香港特区采集水蒸气水，降水，江、河水、湖、库水，自来水，井水，泉水，海水等8类水体1547个有代表性水样品，用国标推荐的方法进行样品处理，制备，用低本底液体闪烁谱仪做水氚测量，用MSOffice建立氚数据库和进行数据处理，用趋势拟合分析求解各类水体氚浓度的经、纬度和时间变化关系。结果 确定了我国第一个核电站商业运行前各类水体氚浓度代表值，给出了各类水体氚浓度的经、纬度时间变化趋势。结论 各类水体氚浓度随纬度和经度线性变化，随时间指数变化，90年代初多种水体氚浓度接近天然氚水平，但空气水蒸气水，降水和泉水氚浓度呈现缓慢升高趋势，应加强核电站氚释放的监测。

Tritium concentration and variation in environmental waters of China

Objective\ To investigate the tritium concentration levels in environmental waters of China in the early 1990s. Methods\ Altogether 1 547 representative water samples were collected from 25 provinces and analyzed with national standard method.The variation tendencies of tritium concentration with latitude,longitude and time were processed with the MS Office software. Results\ Tritium database and the representative concentration levels in environmental waters were established and their variations were obtained. Conclusion\ The tritium levels nearly reached its natural levels in the early 1990s,however,slow increase of the concentrations in air vapor,precipitation and spring water are found.Lineal and exponential tendencies bewteen tritium concentrations and latitude,longitude,and time are observed,respectively.