叙事医学在新生儿医学人文教育方面的应用

叙事医学是人文医学发展到一定程度的结果，体现了叙事思想在医学实践中的应用。目前国内外研究已经证实，叙事医学不仅在提高医务人员共情能力、自我反思引发、职业认同感增强等方面有良好的治疗效果，对间接改善患者生理、心理等也有很多益处。新生儿医学在我国起步较晚，目前我国的新生儿重症监护室（NICU）需要隔离监护，几乎不能做到母婴同室，甚至无法探视。新生儿科工作压力大，知识更新快，医学生需要在尽快掌握临床技术的前提下加强人文素养。扎实的临床基础是每一个新生儿科医生必备的，医学的发展也要求新生儿科医生在临床工作中的每个环节融入人文关怀精神。通过叙事医学教育，使新生儿科医生主动养成善于倾听患儿以及其背后家庭的故事，理解和同情患儿及其家属的心情及抉择，形成对患儿的共情能力以及专业的职业精神，促成以患儿为中心的临床思维。叙事医学在新生儿医学人文教育方面的研究还需在今后的临床实践中继续推进、不断应用和总结。

Application of Narrative Medicine in Humanistic Education of Neonatal Medicine

Narrative medicine is the application of narrative thought in medical practice and the product of the development of humanistic medicine at a certain stage.Narrative medicine has been proved by studies both in China and abroad to be able to improve the empathy of medical workers,trigger self-reflection,enhance professional identity,etc.,and indirectly improve the physical and psychological treatment effects of patients.Neonatal medicine in China started late.At present,neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)in China needs isolation and supervision,and it is almost impossible to share room with mother or even to visit.The work of neonatal department is stressful and the knowledge is updated quickly.Medical students need to strengthen the humanistic quality on the premise of mastering the clinical technology as soon as possible.In addition to having a solid basic clinical skills,neonatal doctors also need a strong spirit of humanistic care and its integration into every link of clinical practice.Through narrative medicine education,neonatal surgeons can form professional professionalism,empathy for patients,willingness and good at listening to the narrative of children and their families,understand and sympathize with the suffering and choices of children and their families,and promote child-centered clinical thinking.It needs further practical application and summary to promote the research of narrative medicine in the humanistic field of neonatal medicine.