原发纵隔囊肿影像学表现

目的探讨原发纵隔囊肿影像表现特征,提高影像诊断的准确率。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实且资料完整的42例原发纵隔囊肿的影像学表现。所有病例均摄胸部后前位与侧位片,胸部CT平扫29例,其中15例行增强扫描,胸部MRI平扫6例。观察病变的部位、大小、形态、密度(信号)、边缘、壁及其厚度、邻近结构。每一病种均分为影像征象典型与不典型2类。结果病变位于前纵隔28例,中、后纵隔各7例。上纵隔9例,中纵隔24例,下纵隔9例。支气管囊肿9例,囊性淋巴管瘤4例,胸腺囊肿11例,心包囊肿5例,成熟性囊性畸胎瘤13例。影像征象典型38例,不典型4例。结论90%的纵隔囊肿,根据CT、MRI显示的病变部位与内部密度、信号特征,可做出正确的影像诊断;不典型者确诊仍依靠手术病理。

Imaging Features of Primary Mediastinal Cysts

Objective To study the imaging features of primary mediastinal cysts,and to improve the diagnostic ability of these diseases.Methods The imaging findings of primary mediastinal cysts proved by pathlolgy in 42 cases were retrospectively.All of cases underwent posteroanterior and lateral views of chest.The plain and contrast-enhanced CT scans were performed in 28 and 15 cases.MRI examination was done in 6 cases.The location,size,shape,density,edge,wall and adjacent structures of the primary mediastinal cysts were observed.According to imaging features all of cases was divided into typical group and atypical group.Results The mediastinal cysts were located in anterior mediastinum in 28 cases,in middle mediastinum in 7 cases,in posterior mediastinum in 7cases.Bronchogenic cyst was in 9 cases.Cystic lymphangioma was in 4 cases.Thymic cyst was in 11 cases.Pericardial cyst was in 5 cases.Mature cystic teratoma was in 13 cases.The typical group was in 38 cases.The atypical group was in 4 cases.Conclusion 90% of the typical primary mediastinal cysts can be diagnosed.The final diagnosis of the atypical group desponds on pathology.