人脐静脉组织构筑及其临床应用价值

本研究旨在为脐带静脉作为小口径移植材料的临床应用提供理论依据。采用胎龄在 2 4～ 4 2周脐带静脉 5 0例 ,常规石蜡包埋、切片。用HE法、Weigert法、苯胺蓝法及桔黄G法分别染组织结构、弹性纤维 胶原纤维和平滑肌。光镜观察后 ,用计算机图像分析系统测量其中膜显微结构成分的相对含量。随胎龄增加 ,脐带静脉中膜弹性纤维含量逐渐增多 ,胶原纤维含量及C/E值逐渐减少 (P <0 0 1)。近段胶原纤维含量比远段少 (P <0 0 1) ,由近段到远段C/E值逐渐增大。脐带静脉具有与普通中等动脉相似的结构 ,作为小口径动脉移植的替代材料是可行的 ,建议选用胎龄在 37～ 4 0周之间的脐带静脉作为临床应用的移植材料。同时应注意选择不同段脐带静脉 ,使移植材料与宿主血管间的组织构筑尽可能相近 ,以提高移植血管的远期通畅率。

Histologic structure of human umbilical cord vein and its clinical application value

To provide theoretical data on human umbilical cord vein used for small-caliber transplanting material. Fifty fetal umbilical cord vein aged from 24 weeks to 42 weeks were collected and serially sectioned by paraffin section methods. The tissue structure, elastic fiber, collagenic fiber and smooth muscle were stained by HE, Weigert, Aniline blue and Orange G respectively. The microstructure component in tunica media of umbilical cord vein were measured by the computer image analysis system. With the increasing of the gestational age, relative content of elastic fiber in tunica media of umbilical cord vein was gradually increased, meanwhile, relative content of collagenic fiber and the ratio of C/E(collagen/elastin) were gradually decreased(P<0.01).The relative content of elastic fiber located on proximal segment was lower than that of distal segment(P<0.01)and its C/E was increased gradually from proximal segment to distal segment . The tissue structure of human umbilical cord vein was similar to medium-sized artery. Human umbilical cord veins are good substitutes for small-caliber arterial grafts. Our studies suggested that umbilical cord vein, whose gestational age ranged from 37 weeks to 40 weeks, be better candidate material for the transplantation. Meanwhile,we should select umbilical cord vein of different segments for the transplantation so that the histologic structure were correspondent as far as possible between umbilical cord vein as material for the transplantation and host blood vessel to increase long-term patency rate of transplantation blood vessel.