成人急性白血病染色体核型异常的临床分析

目的：分析74例成人急性白血病患者染色体核型异常分布情况及各亚型核型变化的特征。方法：对初步确诊的急性白血病进行形态学、免疫学、细胞遗传学、分子生物学检测。结果：急性白血病患者染色体异常核型在AML、ALL中分别为64.4%（38/59）、73.3%（11/15）,平均染色体核型异常者占66.2%（49/74）。从染色体核型异常的特征来看,M3染色体变化较一致,以t（15;17）（q22;q11.2）改变为主;而其他类型白血病染色体异常存在着不一致性,特别是M4有着明显的不一致性。结论：根据急性白血病染色体核型异常分析,复杂核型则是预后不良的标志。有些特定的染色体异常与FAB亚型密切相关。因此,染色体异常核型分析在白血病诊断、分型、治疗及预后判断诸方面起着十分重要的作用。

Clinical Analysis of Adult Acute Leukemia Chromosome Abnormalities

Objective：Analysis of 74 cases of adult acute leukemia patients with chromosome abnormalities and the distribution of subtypes of karyotype changes in characteristics.Method：On the preliminary diagnosis of acute leukemia morphology,immunology,cytogenetics,molecular biology testing.Result：Chromosomal abnormalities in patients with acute leukemia karyotype in AML,ALL was respectively,64.4%（38/59）and 73.3%（11/15）,with an average chromosome abnormalities accounted for 66.2%（49/74）.Chromosome abnormalities from the view of the characteristics,M3 more consistent chromosomal change according to t（15;17）（q22;q11.2）changes in the main;while other types of leukemia,there was inconsistency chromosomal abnormalities,especially in M4 there was a clear inconsistent.Conclusion：Acute leukemia according to analysis of chromosomal abnormalities,complex karyotype is a sign of poor prognosis.Some of the specific chromosomal abnormalities and the FAB subtypes closely related.Therefore,the chromosomal abnormality karyotype analysis in leukemia diagnosis,classification,treatment and prognosis aspects play an important role.