我国社区公共卫生服务现状及对策分析

目的 了解我国基本公共卫生服务项目的人才队伍现状。 方法 于2017年1 — 3月，采取分阶段整群抽样的方法，收集了全国32个省级行政区域共计736家基层医疗卫生机构的人才队伍数据，并分社区卫生服务中心和乡镇卫生院进行了人员数量、结构和流失情况的分析。 结果 社区卫生服务中心专职从事公共卫生工作的人员比例（29.91 %）高于乡镇卫生院（18.86 %），差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；社区卫生服务中心和乡镇卫生院专职从事公共卫生工作人员中，公共卫生执业（助理）医师所占比例分别是12.51 %和11.03 %；平均每家社区卫生服务中心每年流失医师1.02人，乡镇卫生院流失0.72人，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。 结论 目前对于我国基本公共卫生服务项目的人才队伍而言，社区卫生服务中心优于乡镇卫生院，公共卫生专业人员不足，人员整体学历、职称结构良好，城市基层卫生人员流失严重。

Status quo of talents team for national basic public health service projects

Objective To describe the status quo of talents team for basic public health service (BPHS) projects in China. Methods Using stratified cluster sampling, we collected the data on personnel allocation in 736 primary medical institutions of 32 provincial regions in China from January to March 2017. Then, the number, structure and turnover of personnel were analyzed by community health service centers (CHCs) and township health centers (THCs). Results The proportion of full-time public health workers in CHCs was significantly higher than that in THCS (29.91% vs. 18.86%, P < 0.05). The ratio of public health practitioners (assistants) was 12.51% and 11.03% among the full-time public health worker in CHCs and THSs, respectively. The average numbers of yearly turnover of doctors were 1.02 and 0.72 for each of the CHCs and THCs, with a significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion The talents team for basic public health service projects is generally in a better condition in community health service centers than that in township health centers in China. The education background and professional title structure are good but the personnel allocation is insufficient and the turnover is in a large number for the grass-roots institutions for basic public health services.