利用胶原构建皮肤组织工程支架的研究

目的利用胶原构建皮肤组织工程支架。方法用Na2S、弹性蛋白酶预处理胎牛皮得到胶原纤维；经蛋白酶M降解胶原纤维后，0．5mol／L醋酸溶液溶解得到酸溶性胶原；再用蛋白酶N处理上述酸溶性胶原，最终得到生物相容性良好的胶原溶液；将胶原溶液构建皮肤组织工程支架。通过SDS-PAGE试验，分析酸溶性胶原分子量及基本结构；用皮肤组织工程支架材料包覆大鼠创面，观察创面愈合情况，研究支架材料对大鼠创伤愈合的影响；在支架材料上种植成纤维细胞，观察细胞扩增情况，以及支架材料对细胞移植影响。结果通过特异性蛋白酶M处理得到的酸溶性胶原，显示典型的1型胶原SDS-PAGE图谱；构建的皮肤组织工程支架呈多孔海绵状，孔径为50～200μm；在支架材料上种植成纤维细胞扩增情况良好；用于修复大鼠创面，具有促进创面愈合作用。结论酸溶性胶原经蛋白酶N处理后，生物相容性良好，适合于皮肤组织工程支架的构建，并具有良好生物活性。

PREPARING TRESTLE OF TISSUE ENGINEERING FOR SKIN WITH COLLAGEN

OBJECTIVE: To build the trestle of tissue engineering for skin with the collagen. METHODS: The collagen was obtained from the baby cattle hide pretreated by Na2S and elastinase and Protease M, then the collagen was dissolved in 0.5 mol/L acetic acid solution. The collagen was treated with Protease N to minimize its immunogenicity. The resulting collagen could be used to build the trestle of tissue engineering for skin because of good biocompatibility. The collagen molecular weight and structure were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The bioactivity of trestle was tested in the experiment of the mice wound healing and the cell implantation. RESULTS: The SDS-PAGE result of the collagen treated by Protease M showed the typical spectrum of type I collagen. The built trestle was a collagen sponge matrix in which micropore size was 50-200 microns. It could accelerate wound healing and the implanted fibroblasts could proliferate well. CONCLUSION: The collagen treated by Protease N can get good biocompatibilily and is suitable for building the trestles of tissue engineering for skin with good bioactivity.