青石棉污染区农民恶性肿瘤死亡率的回顾队列调查

目的：了解在生活环境中接触低浓度青石棉、农民患恶性肿瘤，特别是间皮瘤和肺癌之间的关系。方法：采用回顾队列调查方法对青石棉污染区的农民进行恶性肿瘤死亡率的调查，以该县无石棉污染的农民为对照，结果：观察组有5人死于间皮瘤死亡率为36．46／10万人年，而对照组无1例发生；肺癌死亡率为43．75／10万人年，与对照组比较，差别有非常显著性意义（P＜0．001），结论：间皮瘤死亡率在青石棉污染区很高，青石棉与间皮瘤，肺癌之间存在很强的病因学联系。

A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMA AND ASBESTOS EXPOSURE IN A RURAL AREA CONTAMINATED WITH CROCIDOLITE

Objective:To assess the risks of lung cancer and mesothelioma attributable to environmental exposure to crocidolite.Method:A retrospective cohort study was carried out to assess the risks of lung cancer and mesothelioma in the population living in the area contaminated with crocidolite in Dayao County,Yunnan Province.The comparison group was selected from the population living in another area without crocidolite contamination in the same county.Result:The results showed that the mortality rates from lung cancer and mesothelioma were 43 75/10 5 person year and 36 46/10 5 person year respectively in the study group,and the relative risks(RR) were 9 67 and 16 13.Compared with the comparison group,the difference was significant( P< 0.001).There were 5 deaths due to mesothelioma in the study group,but in the comparison group,no mesothelioma was observed.Conclusion:Compared with another area,the mortality rates from mesothelioma and lung cancer were very high among the residents in the area contaminated with crocidolite,which demonstrated a strong etiologic association between exposure to crocidolite and the risks of mesothelioma and lung cancer.