足月儿与早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征临床分析

目的：比较足月儿与早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）的临床特点，进一步探讨足月儿RDS的治疗方法。方法：选取徐州市妇幼保健院新生儿科NICU2010年6月至2013年4月收治的足月儿RDS40例作为足月儿组，并随机选取同期入院的早产儿RDS40例作为早产儿组，对两组患儿的围产期情况、治疗方法、并发症及预后等资料进行回顾性对比分析。结果：（1）病因：足月儿RDS主要病因为选择性剖宫产（胎龄〈39周），早产儿RDS的主要病因是早产。（2）发病时间：足月儿组为（4．16±1．90）h，早产儿组（1．47±0．75）h。（3）治疗：足月儿组呼吸机持续时间为（74．43±19．14）h，28例应用肺表面活性物质（Ps）；早产儿组呼吸机持续时间为（59．45±18．11）h，36例应用Ps。（4）并发症：足月儿组以气漏、肺动脉高压多见；早产儿组以颅内出血为主。结论：足月儿与早产儿RDS在病因、发病时间、治疗及并发症方面有许多不同之处。

Clinical Analysis of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Term and Preterm Neonates

Objective： To compare the clinical characteristics of respiratory distress syndrome （RDS） between term and preterm neonates, and to further research the clinical characteristics of RDS in term neonates and the treatments of the disease. Methods ： Forty term neonates diagnosed between June, 2010 to April 2013 from NICU of Xuzhou Women ＆ Children＇ s Health Care Hospital were included in the study as the term group, meanwhile 40 premature infants were used as the preterm group. Perinatal situation, treatments, complications and prognosis of the two groups were comparative analyzed, retrospectively. Results： （ 1 ） The causes of disease in term neonates were selective cesarean section （gestational age 〈39 weeks）, for the preterm group were premature delivery. （2） Onset time： the onset time in term group was （4.16±1.90） h, for the preterm group was （1.47±0.75） h. （3） Treatment： time of mechanical ventilation lasted for （74.43±19.14 ） h in the term group, a total of 28 patients were treated with PS, mechanical ventilation time in the preterm group was （59.45 ±18.11 ） h and 36 patients were treated with PS. （4） Complications ： for the term group are mainly air leak, pulmonary hypertension, for the preterm group is mainly intraeerehral hemorrhage. Conclusions： There are many differences between term and preterm neonates in the clinical characteristics of newborn respiratory distress syndrome in the aspect of etiology, onset time, treatments and complications.