个体化营养治疗联合运动疗法用于妊娠期糖尿病的效果分析

目的:探讨个体化营养治疗(MNT)和运动疗法对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的联合治疗效果。方法:将76例GDM单胎孕妇随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组(39例)给予低血糖指数个体化营养治疗和孕妇体操治疗,对照组(37例)给予常规饮食和运动指导,比较治疗前后两组孕妇空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPBG)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的变化,孕期体重和体质指数(BMI)的增长,新生儿出生体重和围产期结局。结果:试验组的FBG、2 hPBG和HbA1c的控制优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);孕期增重、每周增重、孕期BMI增加、每周BMI增加及新生儿出生体重试验组均少于对照组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);巨大儿发生率试验组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:个体化营养治疗联合运动疗法对GDM有积极的治疗作用,能有效控制血糖及孕期体重增长,新生儿出生体重理想,有助于改善围产期结局,促进母婴健康。

Effect analysis of personal medical nutrition therapy combined with exercise therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of personal medical nutrition therapy(MNT) and exercise therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Method Total 76 cases of single pregnant women with GDM were selected and randomly divided into the trial group and the control group.The trial group(39 cases) was provided with weighed individual low glycemic index personal medical nutrition therapy and gymnastics therapy.The control group(37 cases) went on diet dominated and exercised by themselves.The two groups were compared before and after treatment through fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2 hPBG) and glycosy lated hemoglobin(HbA1c) changes,body mass and body mass index changes,the birth weight of infants and perinatal outcome in GDM patients.Results FBG,2 hPBG and HbA1c in the trial group were significantly decreased than those in the control group after treatment(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the total and weekly weight gain,and in the total and weekly body mass index gain of GDM patients between the two groups(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the birth weight of infants(P<0.05).The rate of macrosomia in the trial group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Personal medical nutrition therapy combined with exercise therapy is positive in treatment of GDM,with effective promotion in the control of blood glucose and weight,reasonable birth weight of infants,favourable better pregnancy outcome,and matemal and child safety.