心脏术后压力性损伤规范化实践方案的构建与应用

目的 构建心脏术后压力性损伤规范化实践方案并探讨其应用效果。方法 以减少压力性损伤为目标,从压力性损伤的预防、风险评估、分期、干预与处理措施等方面构建压力性损伤规范化实践方案。对该方案运行效果进行对比研究。结果 应用压力性损伤规范化实践方案后,规范化组与对照组相比,患者压力性损伤发生率下降,损伤皮肤愈合时间缩短,皮肤护理费用减少,护士对患者压力性损伤风险评估的及时性、准确性以及护理措施落实率提高,50名ICU护士理论知识、操作技能考核分数提高,2组之间差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 构建心脏术后压力性损伤规范化实践方案,可降低ICU成人压力性损伤发生率,提高ICU护士对压力性损伤的认知和管理的能力,从而提高护理质量。

Construction and Application of Standardized Practice Scheme for Pressure Injury after Cardiac Surgery

Objective To establish a standardized practice scheme for pressure injury after cardiac surgery and to explore its application effect. Methods A standardized practice plan of pressure injury was constructed in terms of prevention, risk assessment, staging, intervention and treatment measures of pressure injury. The effect of the scheme was compared before and after its implementation. Results After the implementation of the standardized practice scheme for pressure injury, the incidence of pressure injury in the experiment group decreased when compared with that in the control group and there were shortened healing time of the injured skin and less cost of skin care. The timeliness and accuracy of nurses’ risk assessment of pressure injury and the implementation rate of nursing measures were improved and the scores of theoretical knowledge and operation skills of 50 ICU nurses were improved. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Standardized practice scheme for pressure injury after cardiac surgery is effective for reducing the incidence of stress injury among ICU adults, improving the ability of ICU nurses to recognize and manage pressure injury, thus to improve nursing quality.