共情在高职实习护生正念与临床沟通能力间的中介效应

目的 探讨共情在高职实习护生正念与其临床沟通能力间的中介效应。方法 采用便利抽样法,2019年9—12月选取泉州医学高等专科学校、漳州卫生职业学院、福建卫生职业技术学院的541名护生作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、五因素正念量表、临床沟通能力测评量表、人际反应指针量表对其进行调查。采用AMOS 23.0建立结构方程模型,并用Bootstrap法对中介效应模型进行验证。结果 本组高职实习护生临床沟通能力、正念、共情能力总分依次为（87.10±10.05）分,（120.68±10.16）分,（54.94±9.33）分;临床沟通能力与正念、共情能力呈正相关（r=0.283,0.263;均P<0.05）,正念与共情能力呈正相关（r=0.318,P<0.05）;共情能力在正念与护患沟通能力间起部分中介作用,中介效应为0.089,占总效应的33.0%。结论 正念、共情与临床沟通能力关系密切,正念可以通过共情来间接影响临床沟通能力。护理高职院校工作者可以在教育内容上增加正念和共情训练,提高高职护生的临床沟通能力。

Mediating Effect of Empathy between Mindfulness and Clinical Communication Skills in Vocational Nursing Students

Objective To analyze the mediating effect of empathy between mindfulness and clinical communication skills in vocational nursing students. Methods A total of 541 nursing interns from Quanzhou Medical College, Zhangzhou Health Vocational College and Fujian Health College from September to December 2019 were selected using convenient sampling, then they were surveyed by using general information questionnaire, the Five Fact Mindfulness Questionnaire, the Clinical Communication Skills Assessment Scale and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index Scale. A structural equation model was built via AMOS 23.0, which was later tested by Bootstrap method. Results The total score of clinical communication skills, mindfulness and empathy was 87.10±10.05, 120.68±10.16 and 54.94±9.33, respectively. Clinical communication skill was positively correlated with mindfulness and empathy(r=0.283, 0.263,all P<0.05), and mindfulness was positively with empathy(r=0.318,P<0.05). Empathy played a partial mediating role between clinical communication skills and mindfulness, with mediating value of 0.089, accounting for 33.0% of the total effect value. Conclusion Mindfulness and empathy are closely related to clinical communication skills. Mindfulness can indirectly affect clinical communication skills through empathy. It is necessary to provide mindfulness and empathy training for vocational nursing students to improve their clinical communication skills.