50岁以下绝经与未绝经女性冠心病的临床和冠脉病变特点分析

目的 探讨50岁以下绝经与未绝经女性冠心病的临床和冠脉病变特点.方法 选取2000年4月-2008年6月入住北京友谊医院并行冠状动脉造影证实为冠心病的50岁以下女性患者44例,根据绝经与未绝经分为绝经组14例和未绝经组30例,回顾性分析两组的危险因素、临床及其冠脉病变特点.结果 两组患者的年龄和高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、吸烟的比例比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);未绝经组的冠心病家族史比例高于绝经组,但差异无统计学差异(P＞0.05);未绝经组的冠心病危险因素家族史比例高于绝经组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组中不稳定心绞痛者均占60%左右,急性心肌梗死所占的比例也较高,两组患者的临床诊断均以急性冠脉综合征为主,临床诊断间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组患者的病变支数、罪犯血管及钙化情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 50岁以下女性冠心病患者合并高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症等危险因素、冠心病家族史及冠心病危险因素家族史的比例较高,未绝经女性的冠心病危险因素家族史比例显著高于绝经女性.

Clinical and Coronary Angiographic Profile of Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Coronary Heart Disease Women below 50

Objective To investigate the clinical and coronary angiographic characteristics in premenopausal and postmenopausal women who were suffering coronary heart disease (CHD) and below 50 years of age.Methods Forty four female inpatients ≤ 50 years of age,confirmed by coronary angiography to have CHD in Beijing Friendship Hospital from April 2000 to June 2008,were divided into premenopausal group (14) and postmenopausal group (30) according to the condition of menopause.Their clinical and coronary angiographic characteristics were investigated retrospectively.Results The patients in the two groups were not statistically significantly different in age,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,hyperlipidemia and smoking (P＞0.05).The CHD family history ratio of the patients in the premenopausal group had a tendency higher than that in the postmenopausal group,but with no significant difference (P＞0.05).The CHD risk factor family history ratio of the patients in the premenopausal group was significantly higher than that in the postmenopausal group (P＜0.05).In the two groups the unstable angina pectoris accounted fro 60%,acute cardiac infarction also counted for a higher ratio,the clinical diagnosis for all the patients was mainly acute coronary syndrome,the difference in clinical diagnosis between the two groups was not significant different (P＞0.05).And there were no significant difference between the two groups in numbers of morbid,culprit and calcified vessels (P＞0.05).Conclusion The female CHD patients below 50 have higher risk factors to be complicated by hypertension,diabetes and hyperlipidemia; and higher ratios of family history of CHD and family history of CHD risk factors.The ratio of family history of CHD risk factors in the premenopausal women is evidently higher than that in the postmenopausal women.