加强护理对慢性阻塞性肺病合并真菌感染的影响

目的探讨对慢性阻塞性肺病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD）合并真菌感染患者进行加强护理的意义。方法 78例COPD合并真菌感染的患者被随机分成对照组和干预组,对照组患者予以常规护理,干预组在对照组基础上增加机械排痰、心理护理及督导用药,记录患者痰液量减少到平常水平所需要的时间和住院时间,随访1年后登记死亡例数。结果对照组和干预组患者痰液量减少到平常所需要的平均时间分别为（12.5±3.2）d和（10.6±3.4）d,平均住院时间分别为（21.5±4.2）d和（19.6±3.8）d,死亡例数分别为3例和10例,干预组的临床效果明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论治疗COPD合并真菌感染的过程中进行机械排痰、心理护理以及督导用药,可以加快患者排痰,缩短住院时间,减少死亡率。

The Effect of Strengthened Nursing on COPD Patients with Fungal Infection

Objective To explore the clinical significance of implementation of strengthened nursing for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD） patients with fungal infection. Methods 78 COPD patients with fungal infection were randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group. Patients in the conventional group were given the conventional nursing, and patients in the intervention group were given mechanical expectoration, psychological care and supervision of medication on the basis of the conventional nursing. The time needed for the sputum volume reducing to normal levels and the length of stay of the patients were recorded, and the number of death cases was registered after 1-year follow up. Results The average time needed for the sputum volume reducing to normal levels in the control group and the intervention group was（12.5±3.2） days and（10.6±3.4）days, respectively, the average length of stay was（21.5±4.2） days and（19.6±3.8） days, respectively, the number of deaths was 3 cases and 10 cases, respectively, the clinical effect of the intervention group was significantly better than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Mechanical expectoration, psychological care and supervision of medication given to the patients with COPD complicated by fungal infection during the treatment can speed up sputum excretion, shorten the length of stay and reduce the mortality.