Comparison of nutritional intake between individuals with acute and chronic spinal cord injury |
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Authors: | Perret Claudio Stoffel-Kurt Nadine |
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Affiliation: | Institute of Sports Medicine, Nottwil, Switzerland. Claudio.perret@paranet.ch |
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Abstract: |
ObjectiveTo compare the nutritional intake of patients with acute and chronic spinal cord injury (SCI).DesignCross-sectional, observational study.SettingSpinal cord unit.MethodsTwelve in-house patients of a spinal cord unit with acute SCI and paralysis duration of 5.3 ± 2.5 months (acute group) were compared with 12 subjects with chronic SCI (chronic group) with lesion duration of 55.5 ± 21.0 months. All subjects recorded their nutritional intake for 7 days, which was analyzed for intake of energy, proteins, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, mineral nutrients, fluid, and dietary fiber. Resting energy expenditure (REE) and total body fat were also determined.ResultsThe chronic group showed a significantly higher total body fat content compared to the acute group (19.4 ± 3.8 vs. 15.7 ± 4.3%). All other parameters were not significantly different between groups. Both groups ingested excessive fat and insufficient amounts of carbohydrates compared with common nutritional recommendations. Low intakes of vitamins C, D, E, biotin, folic acid, as well as potassium and iron were found.ConclusionsNo differences were found in the nutritional intakes of two comparable groups of subjects with acute and chronic SCI. Independent of lesion duration, subjects with SCI showed considerable deviations from the general accepted nutritional recommendations concerning macro- and micronutrients intake. Professional nutritional education for persons with SCI should start as soon as possible after injury to prevent nutrition-related secondary complications like cardiovascular diseases. Periodic determinations of body fat content and REE combined with a physical activity program might be helpful as well. |
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Keywords: | Spinal cord injuries Acute Chronic Paraplegia Tetraplegia Resting energy expenditure Dietary intake Body fat content Nutrition Education |
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