自上而下方法评定测量不确定度的简介

测量不确定度是保证测量结果完整性的重要参数,自上而下方法是从不精密度和偏移两个方面评定医学实验室不确定度的首选方法。自1995年该方法提出后,不确定度的评定对象和计算方法在不断地发展和完善,目前不精密度评定对象包括重复测量数据和室内质量控制数据,偏移的评定对象可包含有证参考物质、参考测量程序、回收实验和室间质量评价数据,我们将对不同评定对象的计算方法进行详述。

The introduction of evaluating measurement uncertainty with top-down approach

The measurement of uncertainty is an important parameter which ensures the integrity of measurement results. Top-down approach is a prior choice to evaluate uncertainty in medical laboratories with imprecision and bias. Since 1995, when top-down approach was firstly introduced, the evaluation objects and calculating methods have been developed and improved continuously. At present, imprecision can be determined by replicate measurements and internal quality control data, while bias can be assessed by certified reference materials, reference methods, recovery tests and external quality assessment data. The methods of evaluating measurement uncertainty will be focused according to different objects in this review.