精神科护士亚健康状态及其相关因素的调查分析

目的分析精神科护士亚健康状况的发生率及相关因素，并提出有针对性的干预措施。方法应用Delphi法评价亚健康的诊断标准，选用亚健康测试问卷、压力评定量表、简易应对方式、A型行为问卷等对52名精神科护士进行调查分析。结果精神科护士亚健康状态的发生率为40．82％；亚健康状态受消极应对方式、护龄影响，亚健康阳性者与阴性者比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；亚健康状态与A型行为、夜班数、编制无关，阳性者和阴性者比较无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论精神科护士长期处于高风险和高压力的工作状态，应学会自我调节情绪，面对挫折应采取积极的应对方式，以保持健康的心理状态。

Investigation of the Sub-Health Status and the Related Factors in Psychiatric Nurses

Objective To investigate the incidence of the sub-health condition and the factors related to its occurrence in psychiatric nurses so as to devise adequate interventional measures.Methods The investigation involved 52 psychiatric nurses and used the diagnostic criteria proposed by Delphi,sub-health questionnaire,stress rating scale,simple coping style questionnaire and type A behavior pattern questionnaire.Results The incidence of sub-health condition was 40.82% in the psychiatric nurses,and the condition was significantly correlated with negative coping style(P<0.05) and the length of the nursing experience(P<0.01),but not to type A behaviors,frequency of night shift or official employment(P>0.05).Conclusions Psychiatric nurses work in environment with high risks and pressures and should be capable of emotional self adjustment,and positive coping style is encouraged when encountering setbacks so as to maintain a healthy psychological status.