脊髓损伤患者照顾者的照顾负担及其影响因素研究

目的调查脊髓损伤患者照顾者的照顾负担水平,并分析其影响因素。方法通过便利抽样法,采用生活自理能力量表、照顾者为患者提供护理情况问卷、一般自我效能量表、社会支持量表、Zarit护理负担量表和简易应对方式问卷,对150例脊髓损伤患者及其照顾者进行调查。结果脊髓损伤患者照顾者的照顾负担总分(52.91±11.56)分,88%的照顾者的负担处于中、重度水平;多元逐步回归分析显示,照顾者照顾负担的影响因素有:并发症、照顾时间、消极应对方式、患者的自理能力、照顾者的照顾能力、自我效能及积极应对方式。结论护理工作者应重视脊髓损伤患者照顾者的照顾负担,鼓励患者自理,增强社会支持系统,指导其采取积极的应对方式,以减轻照顾者的照顾负担。

The level and influencing factors of caregiver burden in patients with spinal cord injury

Objective To investigate the level and influencing factors of caregiver burden in patients with spinal cord injury（SCI）. Methods Totally 150 SCI patients and their caregivers were investigated with Activities of Daily Living Scale（ADL）,General Self-Efficacy Scale（GSES）,Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS）,Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. Results The score of caregiver burden was（52.91_＋ll.56） points and 88% of the caregivers suffered from moderate to severe level burden. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that complications,caring time,caregivers＇ negative coping style and positive coping style,patient＇s self-care ability, caregivers＇ caring ability and self-efficacy were significant influencing factors of caregiver burden. Conclusion Medical staff should pay close attention to the caregiver burden of SCI patients and take actions to promote the self-care ability of SCI patients,enhance the social support of caregivers,guide them to adopt positive coping styles and relieve caregiver burden.