用DNA条形码技术鉴定阿拉善黄鼠和达乌尔黄鼠

目的 探索阿拉善黄鼠和达乌尔黄鼠的分类鉴定方法。方法 运用DNA条形码技术测定两地黄鼠的线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基Ⅰ（COⅠ）基因序列,分析遗传距离,构建系统发育NJ树。结果 11份阿拉善黄鼠的种内遗传距离〈2%,4份达乌尔黄鼠的种内遗传距离〈1%,两地黄鼠的遗传距离介于8%~9%之间,同时,NJ树将两地黄鼠分成2个独立分支。结论 阿拉善黄鼠为独立物种。DNA条形码技术可用于黄鼠种类鉴定。

Identification of Spermophilus alaschanicus and Spermophilus dauricus by DNA barcoding

Objective To investigate the classification and identification methods for Spermophilus alaschanicus and S. dauricus. Methods DNA barcoding was used to determine the cytochrome c oxidase subunit Ⅰ （CO Ⅰ ） gene sequences of S. alaschanicus and S. dauricus, analyze the genetic distance, and construct a neighbor-joining （NJ） tree. Results The intraspecific genetic distance of S. alaschanicus （n= 11） was less than 2%, and that of S. dauricus （n=4） was less than 1%. The genetic distance between S. alaschanicus and S. dauricus ranged from 8% to 9%. Results of NJ tree showed that all the samples of the two species formed two independent groups with a high support value. Conclusion Spermophilus alaschanicus is an independent species. DNA barcoding can be used in the species identification of Spermophilus.