非创伤性横纹肌溶解症的病因及其诊治

非创伤性横纹肌溶解症(NRM)是由于过度运动、肌肉缺血、药物、电解质和渗透压的改变、代谢性疾病、大量饮酒、遗传性疾病、感染及急性中毒等非创伤性因素所致。NRM发病率较低,临床医师对此病认识不足,易造成误诊和漏诊,严重者可导致急性肾衰竭。掌握引起NRM的常见病因及临床表现,有利于早期诊断和早期治疗,NRM治疗的关键在于尽早予以积极补液,尽快恢复血容量,保持足够的尿量,促进肌红蛋白的排出。

Causes of Non-traumatic Rhabdomyolysis and its Diagnosis and Treatment

Non-traumatic factors such as excessive exercise,muscle ischemia,drugs,electrolytic and osmotic changes,metabolic diseases,high alcohol consumption,genetic disease,infection and acute poisoning can cause non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis.Due to the fact that its incidence is relatively low and clinicians lack the awareness,it can be easily misdiagnosed and missed,leading to life-threatening acute renal failure occurred in severe cases.Mastering the common causes of NRM and clinical manifestations is conducive to early diagnosis and treatment.The key treatment of NRM is rehydration and restoration of blood volume as soon as possible,to maintain the adequate urine output and promote the excretion of myoglobin.