淮北农村改建深井为主的小型集中供水控制腹泻病经济效益分析

对两个县6个改水村和6个对照村的供用水方式和居民饮水与腹泻病进行调查，并对改建集中供水控制腹泻病的经济效益进行分析。结果表明，改建深井为主的简易集中供水水量充足，采取鼓励用水的措施，使当地居民人均饮用水量达到“农村生活饮用水量卫生标准”，同时水质显著高于改水前的分散式给水，腹泻病人平均生病时间为3.01天，有43.45％的腹泻病人不就诊。控制混杂因素后，腹泻病归因于饮用非自来水的AR％达59.1％。用流行病学的经济分析方法进行效益分析结果改建集中供水的投入与腹泻病减少的经济受益之比为15.43。

Cost Benefit Analysis on Diarrhoeal Diseases Control due to Im- proved Drinking Water in Huaibei Rural Area

Sources of drinking water and amount of drinking water con-sumed were analyzed, among 10092 residents, the diarrhoeal dis-eases (DDs) were collected in 6 villages provided with deep- welltap water and orther 6 control villages using non- centralized wa-ter supply (NCWS) in Huaibei rural area. The results showedthat after providing people with tap water from deep - well(TWDW), the amount of drinking water consumed reached thenational standard of drinking water quantity to be consumed in ru-ral area and the drinking water quality was much better than thatof NCWS. The average lasting time of DDs was 3.01 days. How-ever 43.45% of the patients did not seek medical assistance. Aftercontolhng for confounding factors, the AR% of NCWS for DDswas 59.1%. The results shwed that the ratio of cost for TWDWand the benefit gained from the reduotion of DDs was 1: 5.43.