全髋关节置换后下肢深静脉血栓形成的4项危险因素

背景：下肢深静脉血栓形成是人工全髋关节置换常见的也是危险性较大的并发症，如果不能提前预防，会造成严重后果，故在临床中需要对下肢深静脉血栓形成的危险因素进行评估。 目的：评估人工全髋关节置换后下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床危险因素。 方法：对2010年1月至2013年2月在北京大学深圳医院骨关节科行人工全髋关节置换的162例患者资料进行回顾性分析，所有患者均在置换前、置换后第3天和第7天进行双下肢深静脉彩超检查。采用Logistic回归分析统计法分析全髋关节置换患者下肢深静脉血栓发生的危险因素。 结果与结论：入选Logistic回归模型的因素为骨水泥假体、年龄分布、体质量指数、全身麻醉，它们的OR值分别是9.215，11.247，3.842，4.825，是下肢深静脉血栓发生的危险因素。提示骨水泥假体的使用、高龄、体质量指数大于25 kg/m2及全身麻醉均是全髋关节置换后发生下肢深静脉血栓形成的危险因素，应引起临床重视，积极采取对应措施。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程全文链接：

Four risk factors of deep venous thrombosis in lower limbs after total hip arthroplasty

BACKGROUND: Deep venous thrombosis is one of the most common and dangerous complication. There will be serious consequences for failing to prevent deep venous thrombosis in advance, so we need to evaluate the risk factors of deep venous thrombosis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical risk factors for lower limb deep vein thrombosis after total hip arthroplasty. METHODS: Data of 162 patients who were treated from January 2010 to February 2013 in Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University for total hip arthroplasty were analyzed retrospectively. All patients received ultrasonography on deep veins of lower limb preoperatively and postoperatively 3 and 7 days. Risk factors of deep venous thrombosis were analyzed using Logistic regression analysis in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The selected factors for Logistic regression model contained bone cement prosthesis, age distribution, body mass index, and general anesthesia. Their OR values were 9.215, 11.247, 3.842, 4.825, respectively. They were risk factors for the occurrence of deep venous thrombosis. Above results indicated that use of bone cement prosthesis, age, body mass index > 25 kg/m2 and general anesthesia are risk factors for deep venous thrombosis after total hip replacement, so they should cause clinical attention and we should take active measures to prevent them.