兔股骨慢性骨髓炎模型的制作

背景：建立有效稳定的慢性骨髓炎动物模型是治疗慢性骨髓炎实验研究的基础。以往慢性骨髓炎模型常常建模成功率低，模型不稳定。 目的：探讨运用金黄色葡萄球菌制备兔股骨慢性骨髓炎动物模型的实验方法。 方法：健康成年新西兰兔40只，麻醉成功后在股骨大转子下2 cm剥离局部骨膜后用3.5 mm钻头的电钻，在该处钻2个纵向相连、部分重叠的骨洞，直达髓腔，孔洞用无菌骨蜡密封，实验组(20只)向髓腔内注射0.1 mL的5%鱼肝油酸钠，再向髓腔内注射0.5 mL的金黄色葡萄球菌液(1×106 cfu)；对照组(20只)则向髓腔内注射0.1 mL的5%鱼肝油酸钠，再向髓腔内注射0.5 mL的生理盐水。4周后观察，兔感染部位大体观察、体质量、体温、X射线放射检查、细菌培养及改良Norden骨髓炎评价动物模型的制备情况。 结果与结论：实验组20只兔接种细菌1周后开始出现体温升高、食欲减退、跛行等症状，接种局部红肿；2周以后13只兔伤口局部出现渗液、流脓；4周后19只兔均有局部红肿、流脓和体温身高等症状；比对照组兔体温明显升高，体质量明显减轻；改良Norden骨髓炎评分也高于对照组；14只兔分泌物细菌培养试验阳性，结果显示均为金黄色葡萄球菌感染。造模成功率为95%。提示使用金黄色葡萄球菌和鱼肝油酸钠骨髓腔注入的方法，可稳定可靠地制备出兔股骨慢性骨髓炎动物模型，是慢性骨髓炎模型制作的可靠方法。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程

Establishment of rabbit models of chronic femoral osteomyelitis

BACKGROUND: Establishment of an effective and stable animal model of chronic osteomyelitis is the basis of the experimental studies on treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. Previous chronic femoral osteomyelitis models are always instable and therefore not successful. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the experimental method of establishing rabbit models of chronic femoral osteomyelitis with Staphylococcus aureus . METHODS: Forty healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were anesthetized. After stripping periosteum located at 2 cm below the greater trochanter, two bone holes till the medullary cavity, which were connected longitudinally and overlapped partially, were drilled with a drill of 3.5 mm bore bit. Holes were sealed with sterile bone wax. Twenty rabbits from the experimental group were intramedullarily injected first with 5% sodium morrhuate (0.1mL), and then with 0.5 mL Staphylococcus aureus (1×106 cfu). Twenty rabbits from the control group were intramedullarily injected first with 5% sodium morrhuate (0.1 mL) and then with 0.5 mL normal saline. After 4 weeks, infected regions were observed, rabbit body weight and body temperature were measured and X-ray radiographs of the damaged regions were taken, bacterial culture was performed and femoral osteomyelitis lesion degree was  evaluated using the modified osteomyelitis scoring system. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 1 week of bacterial inoculation, 20 rabbits from the experimental group began to  present the symptoms of increased body temperature, loss of appetite, lameness, vaccination site reaction. After 2 weeks, exudate or pus discharge in the local area were present in 13 rabbits. After 4 weeks, 19 rabbits all presented the symptoms of local swelling, pus discharge and fever. At this time period, rabbit body temperature was noticeabley increased, body weight was remarkably decreased, and modified Norden osteomyelitis scores were obviously higher in the experimental group compared with the control group. The secretion cultures were positive for Staphylococcus aureus in 14 rabbits. The success rate of modeling was 95%. These results suggest that stable and reliable rabbit models of chronic femoral osteomyelitis can be prepared by injection with Staphylococcus aureus and sodium morrhuate into marrow cavity.