用RAPD技术对安徽省三地钉螺遗传差异的初步研究

目的采用随机扩增多态性技术（RAPD）研究安徽省3个代表性地区的钉螺的遗传多样性．方法提取钉螺足部的基因组DNA．用随机引物进行扩增．扩增产物经8％的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳．0．6％硝酸银染色．根据扩增结果，计算不同地域株钉螺的遗传距离，并聚类分析．结果三个地区钉螺标本的PCR扩增产物均呈现多态性。经聚类分析．其中广德钉螺与宁同钉螺关系最近，可归为一类，而贵池钉螺则单为一类。结论安徽省三个有代表性区域的钉螺存在一定的亲缘天系，但种内发牛了遗传变异．血吸虫病不易感区和有螺无病区的螺群遗传距离接近，两地钉螺的遗传棚似系数与钉螺的易感性相一致．但对于不易感和有螺无病区的钉螺是否与易感区的钉螺在遗传学上产生较特异的变化．还将通过分子生物学方法进一步研究。

Primary application of RAPD to identify genetic heterogeneity of Oncomelania hupensis in three areas, Anhui Province

Objective To understand the gene difference of Oncomelania hupensisin three different areas of Anhui province by the random amplified polymorphism DNA（t〈APD） technique. Methods Genomic DNA extracted from snail＇s foot was amplified by random primer, and the products were electrophoresed by 8% polyacrylamide gelatin and stained by 0.6% silver nitrate. Genetic variation between different snail isolates was analyzed by the calculation of genetic distance and cluster analysis, Results The DNA amplified products of three snail isolates took on genetic polymorphism. The cluster trees showed that the three snail isolates could be divided into two groups. Snail from Guichi was classified as one group, while snails from Guangde and Ningguo were clustered into the other group. Conclusion There exists genetic variation between snail isolates of three areas. It closes the genetic distance between snails with low＂ susceptibility to schistosolne and ones in snail-existent non-endemic areas, which accords with their susceptibility to schistosome. However, genetic variation between snails of high susceptibility and insusceptibility to schistosome japonicum need to be studied further.