自体与异体骨-髌腱-骨重建前交叉韧带临床疗效的比较

目的 比较自体与异体骨．髌腱-骨（B—PT-B）重建前交叉韧带（ACL）的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2002年2月至2006年1月采用B-PT-B术式重建ACL的患者187例,其中有完整随访资料共142例,其中男性93例,女性49例,年龄15～57岁（平均26岁）。按照异体和自体B—PT-B重建进行分组,其中自体组38例,异体组104例。术后随访时行X线和KT-1000检查,并按照IKDC、Lysholm、Irgang、Larson评分进行疗效评价。并采用分项评分对疼痛、肿胀和膝关节松弛度进行评估。结果142例患者随访时间6—43个月,平均24个月,所有患者随访时移植物位置良好,KT-1000检查双侧膝关节前向松弛度差值〈3mm。异体组：IKDC评分活动水平正常85例（81．7％）,Lysholm评分（82．8±8．5）分,Irgang（79．2±7．3）分,Larson（86．7±3．1）分。自体组：IKDC评分活动水平正常29例（76．3％）,Lysholm评分（84．6±9．5）分,Irgang（79．5±7．6）分,Larson（88．9±6．8）分。以上综合评分无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。分项评分中,疼痛评分：异体组（21．4±3．6）分,自体组（16．3±5．2）分（P=0．012）。肿胀评分：异体组（6．7±3．3）分,自体组（10．0±0．0）分（P=0．011）。关节稳定性评分：异体组（14．7±5．1）分,自体组（16．0±6．8）分（P=0．212）。结论 自体与异体B-PT-B重建ACL术后均可取得良好临床疗效。异体重建的总体临床效果接近自体重建,近期疗效预示其前景良好。

Bone-patellar tendon-bone graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: allograft versus autograft

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical result of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with either allo- or auto- bone-patellar tendon-bone (B-PT-B) grafts. METHODS: From February 2002 to January 2006, 142 of 187 cases of ACL ruptures who received ACL reconstruction with B-PT-B grafts were studied retrospectively. There were 93 male and 49 female whose age was from 15 to 57 years (mean 26 years). Patients were divided into 2 groups by graft selection: 38 patients with autograft and 104 with allograft. Clinical results were evaluated according to IKDC, Lysholm, Irgang and Larson scales. Sub-items of scales such as pain, swelling and laxity were specifically evaluated. RESULTS: All of the patients were followed up with an average of 24 months (range from 6 to 43 months). All grafts were radiographically in good position at the time of follow-up. KT-1000 examination of affected knee showed less than 3 mm anterior translation difference compared with contralateral one's. Allograft group: 85 patients got normal IKDC score (81.7%). Lysholm score 82.8 +/- 8.5, Irgang score 79.2 +/- 7.3, Larson score 86.7 +/- 3.1. Autograft group: 29 patients got normal IKDC score (76.3%). Lysholm score 84.6 +/- 9.5, Irgang score 79.5 +/- 7.6, Larson score 88.9 +/- 6.8. No significant statistical difference was found between the 2 groups in the comprehend scale (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both autograft and allograft group achieve good results, and the allograft B-PT-B could provide the similar clinical result as autograft, the preliminary result of allograft reconstruction might indicate predictable result in the future.