单双侧肺减容术后早期肺功能及肺血流动力学的变化

目的探讨单、双侧肺减容（LVRS）术后早期肺功能及肺血流动力学的不同变化。方法86例重度慢性阻塞性肺气肿患者（COPD）行LVRS手术,单侧61例、双侧25例,术前、术后3、6个月分别测量肺功能[第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、残气量（RV）、肺总量（TLC）]、动脉血气[动脉血氧分压（PaO2）、动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）]、心脏超声多普勒检查[心输出量（CO）、心脏指数（CI）、射血分数（EF）并计算肺动脉压（PAP）],并对其结果进行比较分析。结果80例患者痊愈出院,6例死亡;单侧LVRS术后3、6个月的FEV,较术前有明显提高（P〈0．05）,双侧LVRS术后各项指标改善较单侧更好（P=0．015）,RV、TLC较术前有明显降低（P〈0．05）;术后PaO2比术前提高（P〈0．05）,PaCO2较术前显著减低（P〈0．05）;肺血流动力学（CO、CI、EF、PAP）无明显变化（P〉0．05）。结论单、双侧LVRS治疗重度COPD患者是安全有效的,术后早期均可明显改善患者的肺功能,但双侧手术效果优于单侧;单、双侧LVRS对肺血流动力学无明显负影响,术前术后无明显改变。

Comparison of changes in early pulmonary function and hemodynamic between unilateral and bilateral lung volume reduction for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

OBJECTIVE: To compare changes in early pulmonary function and hemodynamics between unilateral and bilateral lung volume reduction (LVRS) for severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS: Eighty-six patients with severe COPD underwent LVRS, 61 underwent unilateral LVRS and 25 underwent lateral LVRS. The results of lung function (FEV(1), RV, TLC), arterial blood gas analysis (PaO(2), PaCO(2)) and color Doppler echocardiography (CO, CI, EF, PAP) were evaluated at preoperation and 3, 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Six patients died. FEV(1), RV and TLC were improved significantly after (P < 0.05). PaO(2) increased (P < 0.05) and PaCO(2) decreased postoperatively (P < 0.05). According to the Doppler echocardiography there were no statistic difference in cardia functions (CO, CI, EF, PAP) between unilateral and bilateral LVRS at preoperation and 3, 6 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral and bilateral LVRS is safe and effective in the treatment of patients with severe COPD, the pulmonary function significantly improved postoperatively, but the results of bilateral LVRS is better than unilateral. Both unilateral and bilateral LVRS showed no singnificant deterioration in hemodynamics, there were no significant difference at preoperation and postoperatively.