农村贫困地区脑卒中危险因素及经济负担的病例对照研究

目的 研究农村贫困地区脑卒中危险因素及经济负担。方法 采用病例对照研究，在辽宁省彰武县农村选取脑卒中患者和对照农民各102人，进行问卷调查。结果 脑卒中的危险因素在彰武县农村农民中流行率较高，吸烟、饮酒、喝茶的比例分别达73．1％、64．7％、79．4％以上。很少吃水果、蛋类和动物性蛋白质者分别为61．8％、56．9％、61．8％以上。每人每天食盐和猪油摄入量分别为22．2g和31．3g，具有高血压和高血脂患病意识者仅为19．6％和20．6％。脑卒中患者中高血压家族史、饮酒、超重、低动物蛋白摄人率分别为31．4％、76．5％、23．5％和75．5％，显著高于对照组。脑卒中组人均年纯收人为。704．9元，对照组为959．4元，脑卒中患者医疗费用年平均为3120．6元。最多者每年医疗费用高达39000元，远远超出了其家庭纯收入。结论 高血压、饮酒、超重、低蛋白摄人、吸烟、高盐和高脂肪摄入可能是脑卒中的危险因素，脑卒中患病使患者家庭背负了沉重的经济负担。

Case - control study on strokes risk factors and economic burden in poor regions of rural areas

Objective]To study the strokes risk factors and economic burdens in poor regions of rural areas. Methods]Case - control study was adopted to investigate stroke patients and healthy farmers selected from rural areas of Zhangwu County by questionnaires, 102 members in each group. Results]The prevalence of stroke risk factors has a rather high level among farmers in rural areas of Zhangwu country. The rate of smoking, drinking, and tea drinking reach to 73.1% , 64.7% and 79.4% respectively. 61.8% , 56.9% and 61.8% of them seldom intake fruit, eggs and animal protein respectively. The intake quantity of salt and lard were 22. 2g and 31.3g respectively. Only 19.6% and 20.6% of them have consciousness of hypertension and hyperglipemia respectively. Among the stroke patients, the rate of family history of pypertension, drinking, overweight and low animal protein intake were 31.4%, 76. 5%, 23. 5% and 75.5% respectively, which are significantly higher than that of the control group. The annual income per capita of the stroke group was $704.9, while that of the control group was$959.4. The annual medical expense of the stroke patients was $3 120.6, the highest among them reach to$39 000 which highly exceed their family income. Conclusion]Hypertension, drinking, overweight, low protein intake, smoking and high salt and lard intake might be the risk factors for stroke. The stroke patients have a heavy economic burden.