机械通气患者行肠内营养发生反流的危险因素

目的 研究机械通气患者行肠内营养发生反流的危险因素.方法 对海军总医院ICU连续收治的行肠内营养的机械通气患者的反流情况进行分析.记录患者的一般情况以及患者的体位、置管位置、喂养方式、是否气管切开、药物干预等因素,对上述资料进行单因素分析,选择有意义的变量(P<0.05)进行多因素非条件Logistic回归分析.结果 2009年1月至2010年12月共入选满足纳入标准的患者79例,年龄(58.6±15.3)岁;其中男44例,女35例;APACHE Ⅱ评分18.1±4.0.单因素分析结果 显示年龄、体位、置管位置、喂养方式、是否气管切开等均与反流的发生有关.Logistic回归分析显示年龄>60岁(OR=4.577,95%CI:1.459～14.363,P=0.009)是机械通气患者行肠内营养发生反流的独立危险因素,而半卧位>30°(OR=0.201,95%CI:0.057～0.708,P=0.013)、留置鼻肠管(OR=0.267,95%CI:0.072～0.993,P=0.049)、气管切开(OR=0.232,95%CI:0.070～0.763,P=0.016)是机械通气患者行肠内营养发生反流的独立保护因素.结论 年龄>60岁的患者发生反流的概率较高,而半卧位>30°、留置鼻肠管、气管切开的患者发生反流物误吸的概率较低.

Abstract：

Objective To study the risk factors for the reflux of enteral nutrition in the mechanical ventilated ( MV) patients. Methods The data of reflux in 79 MV patients fed by enteral nutrition were collected. These patients were consecutively admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the Navy General Hospital from Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2010. Patients' performance conditions,patients' body position,location of feeding tube, way of feeding,tracheotomy,drug intervention were recorded. Simple logistic regression was used to analyze all the risk factors, and statistically significant variables were selected and adopted in multivariate and unconditioned Logistic regression analysis. Results The subjects averagely aged (58.6 ± 15. 3)years old,including 44 males and 35 females;with an APACHE Ⅱ score of 18. 1 ±4.0. Univariate analysis showed that age,position,location of feeding tube,way of feeding, tracheotomy et al were all assoctied with reflux. Advanced age( >60 y) ( OR = 4.577,95% CI 1. 459 - 14. 363, P =0. 009) was an independent risk factor for reflux; semisupination at 30° (OR =0.201,95%CI 0.057 -0.708,P = 0.013),nasalenteral tube (OR =0.267,95% CI0.072 -0.993,P = 0.049) ,and tracheotomy (OR = 0.232,95%CI0.070 -0.763,P =0.016) were independent protecting factors for the reflux. Conclusion Advanced age ( > 60 y) is a high risk factor for the MV patients with enteral nutrition;, semisupination at 30° .nasalenteral feeding,tracheotomy are low risk factors for the MV patients with enteral nutrition.

Logistic regression analysis for the risk factors of the reflux during enteral nutrition in patients receiving mechanical ventilation

Objective To study the risk factors for the reflux of enteral nutrition in the mechanical ventilated ( MV) patients. Methods The data of reflux in 79 MV patients fed by enteral nutrition were collected. These patients were consecutively admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the Navy General Hospital from Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2010. Patients' performance conditions,patients' body position,location of feeding tube, way of feeding,tracheotomy,drug intervention were recorded. Simple logistic regression was used to analyze all the risk factors, and statistically significant variables were selected and adopted in multivariate and unconditioned Logistic regression analysis. Results The subjects averagely aged (58.6 ± 15. 3)years old,including 44 males and 35 females;with an APACHE Ⅱ score of 18. 1 ±4.0. Univariate analysis showed that age,position,location of feeding tube,way of feeding, tracheotomy et al were all assoctied with reflux. Advanced age( >60 y) ( OR = 4.577,95% CI 1. 459 - 14. 363, P =0. 009) was an independent risk factor for reflux; semisupination at 30° (OR =0.201,95%CI 0.057 -0.708,P = 0.013),nasalenteral tube (OR =0.267,95% CI0.072 -0.993,P = 0.049) ,and tracheotomy (OR = 0.232,95%CI0.070 -0.763,P =0.016) were independent protecting factors for the reflux. Conclusion Advanced age ( > 60 y) is a high risk factor for the MV patients with enteral nutrition;, semisupination at 30° .nasalenteral feeding,tracheotomy are low risk factors for the MV patients with enteral nutrition.