佛山市企业工作场所中有机溶剂污染现状及相关职业病危害防治措施

目的了解佛山市企业工作场所中有机溶剂污染现状,为有效地开展有机溶剂职业病危害防治工作提供科学依据。方法 2007—2010年对佛山市直企业进行职业卫生学调查,对企业工作场所中的有机溶剂作业岗位设点监测空气中有毒物质浓度,并对工人使用的有机溶剂物料采样作成分分析。结果 佛山市企业工作场所中的有机溶剂种类较多,主要是苯、甲苯、二甲苯、苯乙烯、正己烷、总烃、乙醇、丙酮、丁酮、乙酸乙酯和乙酸丁酯等,以苯系物最常见。工作场所空气中有毒物质监测结果显示甲苯监测点合格率最低,为97.7%;毒物超标最严重者为苯,最高超标倍数达52.6。有机溶剂物料成分分析结果表明,企业使用的有机溶剂物料大部分含有对人体有害的高毒物质如苯和正己烷等。结论使用有机溶剂的佛山市企业行业分布广,所用有机溶剂中存在的有毒物质涉及种类多,以含苯系物的有机溶剂最为常用;应重点加强使用有机溶剂行业及接触有机溶剂作业岗位的职业病危害防治工作。

Present Situation of Organic Solvent Contamination and Control Measures of Related Occupational Hazards in Workplaces of Enterprises in Foshan City

Objective]To understand the present situation of organic solvent contamination in workplaces of enterprises in Foshan City,and provide scientific evidence for effectively developing organic solvent related occupational disease control. Methods]Occupational health survey,including monitoring of toxic substances concentration in air of workplace and component analysis of organic solvent samples,was performed in enterprises of Foshan City during 2007-2010. Results]There were many types of organic solvents i...