天水市2005—2009年突发公共卫生事件的态势

目的掌握甘肃省天水市近年来突发公共卫生事件态势。方法利用网络直报系统的突发公共卫生事件案例库,描述、分析天水市突发公共卫生事件分布特征。结果 2005—2009年天水市达到国家《突发公共卫生事件应急预案》规定的突发公共卫生事件有78起。其中Ⅲ级事件3起（3.85%）,Ⅳ级事件75起（96.15%）,未见Ⅰ、Ⅱ级事件。波及人群罹患率34.88‰,死亡率0.14‰,病死率0.41%,事件起数年平均递增93.43%。突发公共卫生事件中学校发生54起（69.23%）,村落19起（24.36%）;传染病类事件70起（89.74%）,其中流行性感冒（流感）、甲型H1N1流感、手足口病、流行性腮腺炎（流腮）是构成Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级事件的主要原因;食物中毒事件6起（7.69%）。5年中3—5月与10—12月是发生突发公共卫生事件的2个时间高峰,占事件总起数的67.94%。结论甘肃省天水市突发公共卫生事件起数总体呈上升趋势,以传染病和食物中毒为主,学校和村落为高发场所,季节性流感、甲型H1N1流感、手足口病、流腮疫情得到政府与社会高度关注。

Analysis on Trend of Public Health Emergent Events in Tianshui City during 2005-2009

[Objective]To study the trend of public health emergent events（PHEE） in Tianshui city of Gansu province in recent years.[Methods]Using PHEE case base from direct reporting network system,the distribution characteristics of PHEE in Tianshui city were described and analyzed.[Results]From 2005 to 2009,there were 78 PHEE reached the standard of National Public Health Emergency Plan,which included 3（3.85%） events of grade Ⅲ,75（96.15%） events of grade Ⅳ,and without grade I and grade Ⅱ.The attack rate was 34.88‰,mortality was 0.14%,the fatality rate was 0.41%,and the number of emergency events progressively increased by 93.43% on average each year.54（69.23%） events occurred in schools,and 19（24.36%） events occurred in villages.Among 70 events of infectious disease,the main causes of grade Ⅲ and Ⅳevents were influenza,H1N1 influenza A,hand-foot-mouth disease and epidemic parotitis.There were 6（7.69%） events of food poisoning.In 5years,two peaks of PHEE were March to May and October to December,which accounted for 67.94% of total events.[Conclusion]The number of PHEE in Tianshui city of Gansu province showed a rising trend,and main causes included infectious disease and food poisoning,and most of events occurred in schools and villages.The government and society should pay more attention to seasonal influenza,H1N1 influenza A,hand-foot-mouth disease and epidemic parotitis.